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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Proteomics. 2016 May;13(5):513–522. doi: 10.1586/14789450.2016.1172965

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Nomenclature for describing the MS fragmentation of carbohydrates. In this nomenclature, ions retaining the charge on the non-reducing terminus are named A, B and C, and the ions retaining charge on the reducing terminus are X, Y and Z. A and X correspond to cross-ring cleavages, whereas B, C, Y and Z correspond to glycosidic cleavages. Subscript numbers denote the cleavage position, starting at the reducing terminus for the X, Y and Z ions, and at the non-reducing terminus for the others. In the case of ring cleavages, superscript numbers are given to show the cleaved bonds.[72]