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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychopathol. 2016 Aug;28(3):673–688. doi: 10.1017/S0954579416000249

Table 3.

Means, Standard Deviations, and Correlations among Study Variables

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Mean (SD) 0.63
(0.24)
0.67
(0.25)
0.61
(0.24)
0.39
(0.67)
0.71
(0.79)
1.97
(0.65)
1.85
(0.80)
−0.04
(0.78)
1.85
(0.72)
3.53
(0.82)
3.86
(0.84)
0.00
(0.43)
1.99
(0.50)
0.00
(1.01)
1. Child Polygenic Risk Score
2. Mother Polygenic Risk Score 0.55***
3. Father Polygenic Risk Score 0.52*** 0.21**
4. Mother Substance Diagnosis −0.09 −0.12* 0.004
5. Father Substance Diagnosis 0.05 0.08 0.07 0.34***
Middle Childhood
6. Impulsivity (M) 0.20** 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.16*
7. Interparental Conflict (MF) 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.34*** 0.25*** 0.18**
Late Childhood
8. Impulsivity (MC) 0.07 −0.01 0.01 0.10* 0.07 0.29*** 0.12*
9. Family Conflict (C) 0.05 0.06 0.02 −0.04 0.11* 0.14* 0.10* 0.21***
10. Interparental Conflict (MF) −0.07 0.02 −0.02 0.18*** 0.07 0.05 0.32*** 0.08 0.18***
Early Adolescence
11. Family Conflict (C) −0.11 0.05 0.04 0.13** 0.13** −0.03 0.07 0.16** 0.21*** 0.40***
12. Child Substance Use (C) −0.02 −0.06 0.04 0.15** 0.08 −0.06 0.04 0.14** 0.15** 0.17*** 0.30***
Late Adolescence
13. Impulsivity (C) −0.003 0.05 0.10 0.11* 0.15** 0.14 0.09 0.24*** 0.001 0.21*** 0.14** 0.04
Emerging Adulthood
14. Substance Use (C) −0.03 −0.10 −0.01 0.07 0.07 −0.04 −0.02 0.15** 0.15** 0.05 0.10* 0.34*** 0.09*

Note. Parenthesis after variables refers to reporter: C = child report, M = mother report, F = father report.

Scales for measures follow. Polygenic Risk Scores: 0–2, greater scores indicate greater genetic risk for behavioral undercontrol. Parent Substance Diagnosis (Dx): (0) no Dx, (1) Lifetime Dx of either alcohol or drug disorder, (2) Lifetime Dx of both alcohol and drug disorder. Middle childhood impulsivity: 0–3 scale, 3 indicates high impulsivity. Late childhood impulsivity: Standardized factor scores of mother-child report of impulsivity, greater scores indicate greater impulsivity. Late adolescence impulsivity: 1–4 scale, 4 indicates high impulsivity. Middle and late childhood interparental conflict: 1–5 scale, 5 indicates high interparental conflict. Late childhood and early adolescence family conflict: 1–5 scale, 5 indicates high family conflict. Early adolescence and emerging adulthood substance use: Standardized factor scores of illicit drug use, alcohol use, and substance dependence, greater scores indicate greater substance use.

*

p < 0.05,

**

p < 0.01,

***

p < 0.001.