Table 1.

Weight, glucose, HOMA-IR, and DI in response to the HFD

	Baseline	4 months	8 months	12 months	18 months	24 months	Quadratic term or linear* P value
	n = 10	n = 10	n = 10	n = 10	n = 10	n = 8
Weight, kg	11.0 ± 0.6	13.2 ± 0.8‡	13.5 ± 0.9	13.7 ± 0.9	14.5 ± 0.8‡	14.1 ± 0.8	<0.05
Truncal fat, %	19.1 ± 3.0	34.0 ± 3.4‡	34.4 ± 3.4	36.6 ± 3.5	40.4 ± 3.1‡	38.3 ± 2.9‡	<0.01
Basal insulin, μIU/mL	17 ± 3	32 ± 12	33 ± 11	32 ± 7	48 ± 13	33 ± 11	<0.01*
HOMA-IR	2.4 ± 0.5	5.3 ± 1.9	5.9 ± 1.9	5.3 ± 3.8	8.3 ± 2.7	5.6 ± 1.7	<0.01*
Basal glucose, mg/dL	58 ± 2	68 ± 2	74 ± 3	64 ± 2	67 ± 3	73 ± 3	<0.01*
HbA1c, %	6.2 ± 0.3	6.3 ± 0.1	6.5 ± 0.1	6.6 ± 0.3	6.7 ± 0.1	6.6 ± 0.1	<0.01*
HbA1c, mmol/mol	44 ± 4	45 ± 1	47 ± 1	49 ± 3	50 ± 1	49 ± 1	<0.01*
DI, μIU/mL × %/min	313 ± 64	499 ± 172	548 ± 165	523 ± 130	499 ± 83	349 ± 127	0.10†

Data are mean ± SEM.

‡Quadratic fit P < 0.05 with Holm correction P < 0.05.

*Fits linear model, each point significantly different.

†Does not fit either quadratic or linear term.