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Survey XPS spectra of ZnO NP samples with different surface charges.
Notes: Only Zn, O, and C peaks are observed in all of the samples, confirming that all the ZnO NP samples prepared for this work consist of pure ZnO chemical phase. The carbon peak in uncoated ZnO NPs is due to the absorbed carbon from the air, and it is generally unavoidable for the XPS measurement.
Abbreviations: XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NPs, nanoparticles.
