Table 6. Associations of socio-demographic and clinical factors with unfavorable treatment outcome of new PTB patients, October 2013 to May 2015, West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia.
| Variables | Number | Unfavorable treatment outcome (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total delay | ||||
| ≤ 60 days | 354 | 12 (3.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| > 60 days | 351 | 26 (7.4) | 2.25 (1.10–4.59)* | 2.33 (1.04–5.26)* |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 423 | 26 (6.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 282 | 12 (4.2) | 0.66 (0.33–1.36) | 0.38 (0.14–1.01) |
| Age | ||||
| 15–24 | 197 | 4 (2.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 25–44 | 291 | 19 (6.5) | 3.39 (1.12–10.22)* | 2.14 (0.51–8.95) |
| ≥45 | 217 | 15 (7.0) | 3.69 (1.19–11.48)* | 2.85 (0.61–13.40) |
| Education | ||||
| Literate | 295 | 12 (4.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not literate | 410 | 26 (6.3) | 1.65 (0.80–3.37) | 1.24 (0.42–3.66) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 386 | 23 (6.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Single | 205 | 7 (3.4) | 0.56 (0.23–1.34) | 1.94 (0.57–6.55) |
| Divorced/ Widowed | 114 | 8 (7.0) | 1.10 (0.47–2.59) | 0.99 (0.34–2.91) |
| HIV sero-status | ||||
| Negative | 615 | 22 (3.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Positive | 82 | 15 (18.3) | 6.61 (3.10–14.08)* | 8.46 (3.14–22.79)* |
| Knowledge of TB | ||||
| Good | 351 | 15 (4.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Poor | 354 | 23 (6.5) | 1.59 (0.79–3.15) | 1.27 (0.53–3.08) |
| Perceived to be stigmatized | ||||
| No | 617 | 38 (6.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 88 | 0 (0.0) | Undefined | 0 (0.00— —) |
| Place of residence | ||||
| Urban | 271 | 17 (6.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Rural | 434 | 21 (4.8) | 0.79 (0.39–1.56) | 0.94 (0.35–2.49) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Farmer | 327 | 18 (5.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Housewife | 39 | 5 (12.8) | 2.30 (0.77–6.88) | 1.90 (0.31–11.72) |
| Day laborer | 81 | 6 (7.4) | 1.32 (0.49–3.55) | 0.37 (0.07–1.97) |
| Others | 258 | 9 (3.5) | 0.58 (0.25–1.34) | 0.31 (0.08–1.24) |
| Monthly family income (Birr)b | ||||
| No regular income | 248 | 16 (6.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1–400 | 109 | 6 (5.5) | 0.85 (0.32–2.28) | 0.61 (0.16–2.25) |
| 401–800 | 84 | 5 (5.9) | 0.94 (0.33–2.72) | 0.60 (0.13–2.70) |
| ≥ 801 | 264 | 11 (4.2) | 0.65 (0.29–1.47) | 0.45 (0.12–1.77) |
| Forms of TB | ||||
| Smear-positive PTB | 333 | 18 (5.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Smear-negative PTB | 372 | 20 (5.4) | 1.04 (0.53–2.03) | 0.75 (0.35–1.59) |
| Distance to the nearest health facility | ||||
| ≤ 2hrs | 670 | 37 (5.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| > 2hrs | 35 | 1 (2.8) | 0.67 (0.08–5.27) | 0.85 (0.09–7.99) |
*P ≤ 0.05, OR: Odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, PTB: pulmonary tuberculosis,
b 1 USD = 22.00 Ethiopian Birr