Table 1. Patients’ characteristics during pregnancy.
| Characteristic | Value or no. (%) of patients (n = 83) |
|---|---|
| Age at disease onset (yr, mean±SD, range) | 21.38± 5.90 (9–40) |
| Age at conception (yr, mean±SD, range) | 28.16± 4.96 (19–41) |
| Disease duration (yr, mean±SD, range) | 4.26± 3.89 (0–21) |
| First pregnancy | 63 (75.9%) |
| Second pregnancy | 15 (18.1%) |
| Third or more pregnancy | 5 (6.0%) |
| Cesarean section | 50 (60.24%) |
| SLEDAI-2K at conception (score, mean±SD, range) | 10.05±6.96 (0–33) |
| New onset SLE | 19 (22.9%) |
| Neonatal lupus | 2 (3%) |
| Neonatal heart disease | 2 (3%) |
| APS | 4 (4.8%) |
| Laboratory features at onset of pregnancy | |
| ANA | 83 (100%) |
| Anti-dsDNA | 72 (86.7%) |
| Anti-Ro/SSA | 55 (66.2%) |
| Anti-La/SSB | 24 (28.9%) |
| Anti-Sm | 27 (32.5%) |
| aCL | 10 (12%) |
| Hypocomplementania | 56 (67.5%) |
| C3 | 25 (30.1%) |
| C4 | 40 (48.2%) |
| Drugs taken at the onset of pregnancy | |
| prednisone | 57 (68.7%) |
| Aspirin | 10 (12%) |
| Azathioprine | 5 (6%) |
| Cyclophosphamide | 0 |
| Methotrexate | 0 |
| chloroquine | 30 (36.1%) |
SLEDAI, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index; Ab, antibodies; aCL, Anticardiolipin antibody.