Table 2. Bivariate relationship between characteristics of persons receiving concurrent TB/HIV treatment in selected THAT’SIT clinics and adherence to treatment (N = 1,252).
BMI = body mass index; TB = tuberculosis; HRZE = isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol; HRZES = isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin; DOT = directly observed therapy; WHO = World Health Organization; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; ARV = antiretroviral; D4T/3TC/EFV = stavudine, lamivudine, efavirenz; D4T/3TC/NVP = stavudine, lamivudine, nevirapine.
| Characteristic | Adherent to concurrent ART and TB treatment, N = 1114 n (%) | Not adherent to concurrent ART and TB treatment, N = 138 n (%) | RR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at concurrent treatment start, years | ||||
| <30 | 212 (86.5) | 33 (13.5) | ref | |
| 30–39 | 511 (90.0) | 57 (10.0) | 0.75 (0.50–1.11) | 0.15 |
| 40–49 | 267 (87.8) | 37 (12.2) | 0.90 (0.58–1.40) | 0.65 |
| ≥50 | 124 (91.9) | 11 (8.1) | 0.60 (0.32–1.16) | 0.13 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 630 (90.3) | 68 (9.7) | ref | |
| Male | 479 (87.2) | 70 (12.8) | 1.31 (0.96–1.79) | 0.09 |
| Employment status | ||||
| Employed | 213 (91.8) | 19 (8.2) | Ref | |
| Unemployed | 758 (87.6) | 107 (12.4) | 1.51 (0.95–2.41) | 0.08 |
| BMI at start of concurrent treatment (kg/m2) | ||||
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 368 (85.0) | 45 (15.0) | ref | |
| Underweight (<18.5) | 347 (88.7) | 44 (11.3) | 1.08 (0.73–1.60) | 0.69 |
| Overweight/Obese (≥25) | 86 (94.5) | 5 (5.5) | 0.53 (0.22–1.29) | 0.16 |
| Mental disorder | ||||
| No | 821 (89.0) | 101 (11.0) | ref | |
| Yes | 53 (84.1) | 10 (15.9) | 1.45 (0.80–2.63) | 0.22 |
| Substance use | ||||
| No | 529 (90.9) | 53 (9.1) | ref | |
| Yes | 179 (89.5) | 21 (10.5) | 1.15 (0.71–1.86) | 0.56 |
| TB patient category | ||||
| New | 826 (89.0) | 102 (11.0) | ref | |
| Retreatment | 283 (88.7) | 36 (11.3) | 1.03 (0.72–1.47) | 0.89 |
| TB site of disease | ||||
| Pulmonary | 984 (90.1) | 108 (9.9) | ref | |
| Extrapulmonary | 130 (81.3) | 30 (18.7) | 1.90 (1.31–2.74) | 0.001 |
| DOT for TB treatment | ||||
| DOT full treatment course | 1053 (88.8) | 133 (10.2) | ref | |
| DOT intensive phase only | 22 (84.6) | 4 (15.4) | 1.37 (0.55–3.43) | 0.50 |
| DOT continuation phase only | 38 (97.4) | 1 (2.6) | 0.23 (0.03–1.59) | 0.14 |
| No DOT | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | - - | - - |
| WHO HIV stage | ||||
| Stage 1 | 65 (90.3) | 7 (9.7) | ref | |
| Stage 2 | 91 (91.0) | 9 (9.0) | 0.93 (0.36–2.37) | 0.87 |
| Stage 3 | 474 (89.4) | 56 (10.6) | 1.09 (0.52–2.29) | 0.83 |
| Stage 4 | 254 (88.5) | 33 (11.5) | 1.18 (0.55–2.56) | 0.67 |
| ARV regimen | ||||
| 1a (D4T/3TC/EFV) | 952 (88.8) | 120 (11.2) | Ref | |
| 1b (D4T/3TC/NVP) | 67 (90.5) | 7 (9.5) | 0.85 (0.41–1.74) | 0.65 |
| CD4 at concurrent treatment start, (units) | ||||
| ≤200 | 708 (89.7) | 81 (10.3) | ref | |
| >200 | 193 (86.9) | 29 (13.1) | 1.27 (0.86–1.89) | 0.23 |
| Disclosed HIV status | ||||
| Yes | 899 (89.4) | 107 (10.6) | ref | |
| No | 32 (80.0) | 8 (20.0) | 1.88 (0.99–3.58) | 0.06 |
| Number of toxicities during the first 2 months of concurrent treatment | ||||
| None | 631 (88.9) | 79 (11.1) | ref | |
| 1 | 242 (88.3) | 32 (11.7) | 1.05 (0.71–1.54) | 0.81 |
| ≥2 | 241 (89.9) | 27 (10.1) | 0.91 (0.60–1.37) | 0.64 |