Fig 3. Induction of AR-regulated gene expression in LNCaP cells by DHT, 11KDHT and 11KT.

Cells were incubated with CS-FCS-supplemented media for 24 hours prior to treatment with 1 or 10 nM steroid for an additional 24 hours prior to analysis by qPCR. Gene expression was calculated relative to the geometric mean of the reference genes ALAS and PBGD. Fold change over vehicle was calculated using the method described by Pfaffl et al [48]. Results are shown as means ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. Data from individual experiments was all normalized using log transformation and mean-centering prior to analysis [49].