Table 4.

Adjusted^* Odds Ratios (95% CI) for Functional Disability at Follow-up (2003–04) by Individual Baseline Risk Factors.

Individual Baseline Risk Factors	N	Functional Disability† at Follow-up
		Separate models for individual risk factors		Model included all five risk factors
		Any ADL vs.no disability	Any IADL only vs. no disability	Any ADL vs.no disability	Any IADL only vs. no disability
Smoking Status
Never Smoker	2356	0.66 (0.51–0.85)	0.91 (0.74–1.11)	0.61 (0.48–0.79)	0.88 (0.71–1.08)
Former Smoker	1859	0.70 (0.53–0.92)	0.86 (0.69–1.07)	0.65 (0.50–0.86)	0.83 (0.67–1.03)
Current Smoker (reference)	1799	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
BP Level/Medication Use (meds)
≤120/80 mmHg, no meds	1707	0.55 (0.42–0.73)	0.76 (0.62–0.94)	0.62 (0.47–0.82)	0.82 (0.67–1.02)
>120/80 and ≤140/90, no meds	1652	0.98 (0.77–1.25)	0.80 (0.65–0.98)	1.07 (0.84–1.37)	0.84 (0.69–1.04)
≥ 140/90 or on meds (reference)	2655	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Cholesterol Level/Medication Use
<200 mg/dl‡, no meds	2623	0.97 (0.74–1.28)	0.97 (0.77–1.22)	1.10 (0.83–1.46)	1.04 (0.83–1.32)
≥200 and <240, no meds	2316	0.94 (0.72–1.23)	1.03 (0.83–1.29)	1.01 (0.77–1.32)	1.08 (0.86–1.35)
≥ 240 or on meds (reference)	1075	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
BMI(kg/m2)
< 25	2631	0.38 (0.28–0.52)	0.53 (0.40–0.68)	0.39 (0.29–0.54)	0.54 (0.41–0.71)
≥25 and <30	2667	0.43 (0.32–0.59)	0.61 (0.48–0.79)	0.44 (0.33–0.60)	0.63 (0.49–0.81)
≥30 (reference)	656	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Diabetes	100	1.12 (0.54–2.35)	1.24 (0.69–2.23)	1.18 (0.56–2.49)	1.27 (0.71–2.29)

CI indicates confidence interval; ADL indicates Activity of Daily Living; IADL, Instrument Activity of Daily Living; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index.

^*Models adjusted for baseline age, sex, race, and educational attainment.

^†ADL or IADL items were scored as disabled if the respondents indicated they could not perform the task without help. Functional Disability Index used the combined ADL/IADL scoring approach.

^‡Multiply with 0.0259 to convert to mmol/l.