Table 4.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Changing from Adherent before Hospitalization for Acute Myocardial Infarction to Nonadherent After Hospital Discharge* (N=4,210)
| Characteristic | Unadjusted RR (95% CI) |
Adjusted†
RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, in years | ||
| 65–74 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| 75–84 | 1.17 (1.05 , 1.29 ) | 1.13 (1.02 , 1.25 ) |
| 85+ | 1.31 (1.17 , 1.47 ) | 1.26 (1.11 , 1.43 ) |
| Female gender | 1.07 (0.98 , 1.17 ) | 1.01 (0.92 , 1.11 ) |
| Non-white race/ethnicity | 1.06 (0.93 , 1.21 ) | 1.05 (0.91 , 1.21 ) |
| Eligible for low-income subsidy | 0.96 (0.88 , 1.05 ) | 0.88 (0.80 , 0.98 ) |
| Urban residence | 0.94 (0.85 , 1.03 ) | 0.98 (0.88 , 1.08 ) |
| Area-level income, $ | ||
| <30,000 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| 30,000–<75,000 | 1.09 (0.98 , 1.21 ) | 1.07 (0.96 , 1.20 ) |
| 75,000+ | 1.1 (0.91 , 1.32 ) | 1.07 (0.88 , 1.29 ) |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Coronary heart disease | 1.03 (0.94 , 1.13 ) | 1.01 (0.91 , 1.11 ) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.12 (1.02 , 1.22 ) | 1.10 (1.00 , 1.21 ) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1.18 (1.07 , 1.30 ) | 1.09 (0.98 , 1.21 ) |
| Depression | 1.25 (1.11 , 1.41 ) | 1.15 (1.01 , 1.31 ) |
| Dementia | 1.37 (1.22 , 1.55 ) | 1.23 (1.08 , 1.40 ) |
| Number of medication classes before AMI | ||
| <5 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| 5 – 9 | 1.01 (0.80 , 1.28 ) | 0.96 (0.75 , 1.21 ) |
| ≥10 | 1.22 (0.97 , 1.52 ) | 1.06 (0.84 , 1.35 ) |
| CABG during hospitalization | 0.93 (0.79 , 1.09 ) | 1.03 (0.87 , 1.22 ) |
| Receive home health services | 1.22 (1.11 , 1.35 ) | 1.10 (0.99 , 1.23 ) |
Abbreviations: RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery
*
Analyses were conducted using the primary definition of adherence in which patients were categorized as adherent if PDC ≥ 80%.
†
Adjusted analyses include all the variables listed in the table.