Table 1.

Cold shock protein genes of Escherichia coli, their reported functions and the predicted csp genes of Yersinia enterocolitica 8081 and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP32953 that share the highest amino acid sequence similarity (in percentage)^a with csp genes of Escherichia coli K-12 W3110.

			csp gene with highest similarity in Y. enterocolitica 8081		csp gene with highest similarity in Y. pseudotuberculosis IP32953
csp genes of E. coli	Reported function	Reference(s)	Gene name(s)	Amino acid sequence similarity (%)	Gene name(s)	Amino acid sequence similarity (%)
cspA	Induced by cold Major cold shock protein of E. coli	Jones et al., 1987; Goldstein et al., 1990	YE3823	78.57	YPTB3587	74.29
cspB	Induced by cold	Etchegaray et al., 1996	YE3823	80.00	YPTB3585, YPTB3586	77.14
cspC	Involved in regulation of expression of stress response proteins RpoS and UspA Involved in regulation of growth	Phadtare and Inouye, 2001; Rath and Jawali, 2006; Cohen-Or et al., 2010; Shenhar et al., 2012	YE2590, YE3012	81.16	YPTB1624	98.55
cspD	Induced by stationary phase growth and nutrient starvation Involved in persister cell formation and biofilm development Inhibits DNA replication Overproduction of CspD is toxic for the cell	Yamanaka and Inouye, 1997; Xia et al., 2001; Yamanaka et al., 2001; Kim and Wood, 2010; Kim et al., 2010	YE1516	83.78	YPTB1392	83.78
cspE	Induced by cold Involved in regulation of expression of stress response proteins RpoS and UspA CspE constitutively produced at 37°C, increase in production during lag phase	Bae et al., 1999; Phadtare and Inouye, 2001; Shenhar et al., 2012; Czapski and Trun, 2014	YE3012	91.30	YPTB1088	94.20
cspF	Expressed at very low level, no protein has been detected from the gene. Function unknown	Czapski and Trun, 2014	YE3821, YE3822, YE3823	48.57	YPTB3585, YPTB3586, YPTB3587	48.57
cspG	Induced by cold	Nakashima et al., 1996	YE3823	81.43	YPTB2950, YPTB3587	77.14
cspH	Expressed at very low level, no protein has been detected from the gene. Function unknown	Czapski and Trun, 2014	YE3821, YE3822, YE3823	50.00	YPTB3585, YPTB3586, YPTB3587	51.43
cspI	Induced by cold	Wang et al., 1999	YE3823	84.29	YPTB3587	82.86

^aAlignments were calculated using Clustal Omega v.1.2.1. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences were derived from The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (Kanehisa et al., 2016).