Table 3.
Changes in risk factor levels within 30 days by gender and initial risk factor classification, North America, 2006–2012
| Risk factor | Non-SDA | SDA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline [N (%)] | 30 days [N (%)]1 | Mean change [(95 % CI) %]2 | Baseline [N (%)] | 30 days [N (%)]1 | Mean change [(95 % CI) %]2 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | Χ 2 = 561.21, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 148.05, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <18.5 | 22 (0.4) | 32 (0.6) | −0.14 (−0.40, 0.12)(0.8) | 15 (1.1) | 14 (1.0) | −0.18 (−0.39, 0.04)(1.0) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 911 (17.8) | 1154 (22.5) | −0.51 (−0.58, −0.45)**(−2.2) | 326 (23.9) | 397 (29.1) | −0.40 (−0.45, −0.34)**(−1.8) |
| 25–29.9 | 1534 (29.9) | 1612 (31.4) | −0.89 (−0.92, −0.86)**(−3.2) | 420 (30.8) | 430 (31.5) | −0.80 (−0.86, −0.74)**(−2.9)† |
| ≥30 | 2660 (51.9) | 2329 (45.4) | −1.31 (−1.35, −1.27)**(−3.6) | 602 (44.2) | 522 (38.3) | −1.21 (−1.31, −1.12)**(−3.3) |
| SBP (mmHg) | Χ 2 = 763.69, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 234.47, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <120 | 1081 (21.2) | 1717 (33.7) | 2.28 (1.59, 2.97)** (2.0) | 327 (24.0) | 519 (38.0) | 1.54 (0.29, 2.78)* (−1.4) |
| 120–139 | 2213 (43.5) | 2317 (45.5) | −4.56 (−5.07, −4.06)**(−3.5) | 598 (43.8) | 607 (44.5) | −6.06 (−6.99, −5.12)**(−4.7)† |
| 140–160 | 1359 (26.7) | 904 (17.8) | −13.45 (−14.19, −12.71)**(−9.1) | 342 (25.1) | 198 (14.5) | −13.88 (−15.31, −12.44)**(−9.4) |
| >160 | 435 (8.5) | 150 (2.9) | −25.54 (−27.37, −23.71)**(−14.8) | 97 (7.1) | 40 (2.9) | −23.97 (−28.13, −19.81)**(−13.76) |
| DBP (mmHg) | Χ 2 = 667.59, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 157.44, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <80 | 2333 (45.9) | 3184 (62.6) | 0.52 (0.15, 0.90)* (−0.7) | 674 (49.3) | 877 (64.2) | 0.02 (−0.65, 0.69) (−0.0) |
| 80–89 | 1738 (34.2) | 1471 (28.9) | −6.02 (−6.41, −5.63)**(−7.2) | 451 (33.0) | 380 (27.8) | −5.85 (−6.52, −5.18) **(−7.0) |
| 90–100 | 882 (17.3) | 398 (7.8) | −10.82 (−11.38, −10.26)**(−11.5) | 208 (15.2) | 93 (6.8) | −10.23 (−11.44, −9.02)**(−10.9) |
| >100 | 131 (2.6) | 31 (0.6) | −21.84 (−25.21, −18.47)**(−19.9) | 33 (2.4) | 16 (1.2) | −19.73 (−26.75, −12.71)**(−17.6) |
| TC (mg/dL) | Χ 2 = 1695.09, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 372.62, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <160 | 1101 (21.1) | 2071 (39.7) | −7.28 (−8.50, −6.06)**(−5.2) | 320 (22.9) | 533 (38.1) | −4.37 (−6.46, −2.29)**(−3.1) |
| 160–199 | 1970 (37.8) | 2025 (38.8) | −17.28 (−18.23, −16.33)**(−9.6) | 555 (39.6) | 550 (39.3) | −13.51 (−15.22, −11.80)**(−7.5)†† |
| 200–239 | 1476 (28.3) | 879 (16.8) | −27.47 (−28.73, −26.21)**(−12.7) | 350 (25.0) | 263 (18.8) | −25.95 (−28.24, −23.67)**(−11.9) |
| 240–280 | 534 (10.2) | 207 (4.0) | −40.27 (−42.88, −37.65)**(−15.8) | 143 (10.2) | 48 (3.4) | −37.95 (−42.52, −33.37)**(−14.9) |
| >280 | 137 (2.6) | 36 (0.7) | −62.13 (−70.63, −53.63)**(−20.0) | 32 (2.3) | 6 (0.4) | −54.48 (−70.18, −38.77)**(−18.1) |
| LDL (mg/dL) | Χ 2 = 1227.51, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 254.93, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <100 | 1687 (33.1) | 2525 (49.6) | −5.45 (−6.33, −4.57)**(−6.8) | 517 (37.5) | 698 (50.7) | −2.51 (−3.97, −1.05)*(−3.1)† |
| 100–129 | 1695 (33.3) | 1667 (32.8) | −13.35 (−14.29, −12.42)**(−11.7) | 440 (31.9) | 421 (30.6) | −11.75 (−13.38, −10.11)**(−10.3) |
| 130–159 | 1133 (22.3) | 669 (13.1) | −22.80 (−24.08, −21.51)**(−16.0) | 269 (19.5) | 212 (15.4) | −20.84 (−23.08, −18.60)**(−14.5) |
| 160–189 | 422 (8.3) | 178 (3.5) | −30.63 (−32.93, −28.34)**(−17.9) | 108 (7.8) | 39 (2.8) | −33.75 (−38.40, −29.09)**(−19.7) |
| ≥190 | 153 (3.0) | 51 (1.0) | −46.39 (−51.67, −41.10)**(−22.0) | 44 (3.2) | 8 (0.6) | −46.09 (−54.48, −37.70)**(−22.3) |
| HDL (mg/dL) | Χ 2 = 790.25, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 112.15, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <40 men, <50 women | 2454 (47.1) | 3213 (61.6) | −1.80 (−2.03, −1.58)**(−4.7) | 685 (48.9) | 846 (60.4) | −1.39 (−1.78, 1.00)**(−3.6) |
| 40 men/50 women–59 | 1626 (31.2) | 1314 (25.2) | −4.64 (−4.97, −4.31)**(−9.2) | 476 (34.0) | 374 (26.7) | −3.43 (−4.01, −2.85)**(−6.7)† |
| ≥60 | 1132 (21.7) | 685 (13.1) | −9.63 (−10.22, −9.05)**(−13.5) | 239 (17.1) | 180 (12.9) | −8.28 (−9.67, −6.90)**(−11.8) |
| TG (mg/dL) | Χ 2 = 105.34, p < 0.001 | Χ 2 = 49.37, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <150 | 3368 (64.7) | 3587 (68.9) | 5.42 (4.24, 6.59)**(−5.7) | 913 (65.3) | 993 (71.0) | 2.63 (0.59, 4.67)* (2.8) |
| 150–199 | 884 (17.0) | 856 (16.4) | −13.20 (−16.59, −9.82)**(−7.7) | 227 (16.2) | 214 (15.3) | −17.54 (−24.17, −10.91)**(−10.3) |
| 200–499 | 910 (17.5) | 751 (14.4) | −49.37 (−54.32, −44.42)**(−18.4) | 249 (17.8) | 189 (13.5) | −57.48 (−69.47, −47.48)**(−20.8) |
| ≥500 | 44 (0.8) | 12 (0.2) | −304.77 (−363.13, −246.42)**(47.5) | 10 (0.7) | 3 (0.2) | −219.91 (−332.72, −107.11)*(−34.2) |
| FPG (mg/dL) | Χ 2 = 445.50, p < 0.001 | Χ2 = 67.56, p < 0.001 | ||||
| <100 | 3230 (62.3) | 3769 (72.7) | −1.02 (−1.33, −0.71)** (−1.2) | 974 (70.5) | 1075 (77.8) | −0.27 (−0.94, 0.39) (−0.3) |
| 100–125 | 1313 (25.3) | 1038 (20.0) | −7.91 (−8.59, −7.24)**(−7.3) | 274 (19.8) | 217 (15.7) | −6.80 (−7.90, −5.71)**(−6.3) |
| >125 | 638 (12.3) | 374 (7.2) | −33.06 (−35.89, −30.22)**(−19.9) | 133 (9.6) | 89 (6.4) | −25.34 (−31.26, −19.41)**(−15.8) |
** p < 0.001; * Bonferroni correction applied: pre–post-mean change at p < 0.0167 level of significance with three risk categories, p < 0.0125 with four risk categories, p < 0.01 with five risk categories
1 Χ 2 = McNemar Chi-squared statistic: number of participants in that risk category at 30 days; †† difference in change between non-SDA and SDA significant at p < 0.001 level of significance; † Bonferroni correction applied: difference in change between non-SDA and SDA significant at p < 0.0167 level of significance with three risk categories, p < 0.0125 with four risk categories, p < 0.01 with five risk category
2% change = [(mean at 30 days − mean at baseline)/mean at baseline] × 100