Table 2.
Participant characteristics
| Control group (N = 60) | Trial group (N = 58) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 36.3 ± 9.5 | 35.5 ± 10.1 |
| Men, % | 46.3 | 53.7 |
| Education, years | 13.9 ± 2.7 | 14.6 ± 2.1 |
| Single/divorced, % | 60.0 | 60.3 |
| Religion | ||
| Buddhism | 18.3 | 19.0 |
| Shintoism | 8.3 | 5.2 |
| Christianity | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Atheism or materialism | 26.7 | 29.3 |
| Impossible to answer | 45.0 | 45.8 |
| Current smokers, % | 41.7 | 36.2 |
| Current drinkers, % | 61.7 | 65.5 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.3 ± 5.2 | 23.2 ± 5.3 |
| Diagnosis, % | ||
| Depression | 86.7 | 77.6 |
| Panic disorder | 6.7 | 6.9 |
| SAD | 5.0 | 6.9 |
| GAD | 0.0 | 1.7 |
| OCD | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Somatoform disorder | 0.0 | 3.4 |
| Eating disorder | 0.0 | 7.1 |
| Illness duration, months. | 21.7 ± 31.3 | 27.7 ± 43.7* |
| Medication, % | ||
| Antidepressant | 86.7 | 89.7 |
| Minor tranquilizer | 43.8 | 56.3 |
| Sleep inducer | 65.0 | 37.9* |
| CES-D total score | 24.4 ± 11.9 | 25.5 ± 10.5 |
Values are mean ± SD, unless indicated otherwise; CES-D center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, GAD general anxiety disorder, OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder, SAD social anxiety disorder; *p < 0.05 compared to the corresponding value in the control group