Figure 3. Colony-forming efficiency of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).

(a–g) Representative images demonstrating colonies formed by primary murine BMSCs derived from the control groups (a) and osteoporoses induced by natural aging (b), accelerated senescence (SAMP6) (c), ovariectomy (OVX) (d), type 1 diabetes (T1D) (e), excessive glucocorticoids (GIOP) (f), and orchidectomy (ORX) (g). Mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks of modeling. Primary bone marrow cells were seeded at 1 × 10⁵ cells/cm² after lysis of red blood cells. Bars: 1 cm. (h,i) The corresponding parameters of number of colonies (h) and average size of colonies (i) showing reduced colony-forming efficiency of BMSCs in osteoporoses except in T1D. Colonies with over 50 cells were taken into consideration. Data represents mean ± standard deviation (SD). n = 6 per group. ^aP < 0.05 with the control groups; ^bP < 0.05 with the natural aging group; ^cP < 0.05 with the SAMP6 group; ^dP < 0.05 with the OVX group; ^eP < 0.05 with the T1D group; ^fP < 0.05 with the GIOP group; ^gP < 0.05 with the ORX group.