Table 1. Characteristics of subjects according to body mass index and metabolic health status.
| Variable | MHNO (n = 172681) | MUNO (n = 56025) | MHO (n = 53303) | MUO (n = 41166) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, %) | ||||
| 20–39 | 49.4 | 23.1 | 42.2 | 28.5 |
| 40–64 | 46.3 | 62.0 | 53.8 | 62.2 |
| ≥65 | 4.3 | 14.9 | 4.0 | 9.3 |
| Sex (male, %) | 47.8 | 60.2 | 62.5 | 66.8 |
| Height (cm) | 164.0 (8.7) | 163.1 (9.2) | 165.2 (9.4) | 164.6 (9.6) |
| Weight (kg) | 59.2 (8.1) | 60.3 (8.3) | 74.0 (9.9) | 74.7 (10.7) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.9 (1.7) | 22.6 (1.6) | 27.0 (2.0) | 27.5 (2.3) |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 115.4 (11.2) | 134.3 (17.5) | 120.0 (10.5) | 137.2 (16.7) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 72.2 (8.0) | 84.8 (11.4) | 75.0 (7.4) | 86.6 (11.1) |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.9 (0.6) | 5.6 (2.1) | 5.1 (0.7) | 5.7 (1.9) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.7 (0.7) | 5.5 (1.2) | 4.9 (0.7) | 5.7 (1.1) |
| Family history (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 7.8 | 8.7 | 8.1 | 10.1 |
| Diabetes | 7.7 | 6.9 | 9.0 | 8.9 |
| Heart disease | 2.7 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.9 |
| Stroke | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.2 |
| Cancer | 12.6 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 12.2 |
| Smoking (%) | ||||
| None | 69.3 | 63.5 | 61.8 | 60.2 |
| Ex-smoker | 3.7 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 |
| Current smoker | 27.0 | 31.9 | 32.8 | 33.9 |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | ||||
| None | 49.3 | 49.2 | 45.8 | 44.8 |
| 1–2 times/wk | 22.9 | 16.7 | 21.0 | 17.7 |
| ≥3 times/wk | 27.8 | 34.1 | 33.2 | 37.5 |
| Regular exercise (%) | ||||
| None | 57.0 | 55.9 | 50.6 | 52.1 |
| 1–4 times/wk | 36.6 | 35.4 | 41.7 | 39.5 |
| ≥5 times/wk | 6.4 | 8.7 | 7.7 | 8.4 |
| Income (lower 20%, %) | 16.4 | 16.8 | 15.2 | 15.3 |
| Hypertension (%) | ||||
| By code/medication | 0 | 11.2 | 0 | 13.2 |
| By health examination | 0 | 56.8 | 0 | 58.7 |
| Diabetes (%) | ||||
| By code/medication | 0 | 3.3 | 0 | 3.2 |
| By laboratory examination | 0 | 10.0 | 0 | 10.4 |
| Dyslipidaemia (%) | ||||
| By code/medication | 0 | 5.9 | 0 | 6.9 |
| By laboratory examination | 0 | 29.1 | 0 | 31.7 |
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; MHNO, metabolically healthy non-obese; MHO, metabolically healthy obese; MUNO, metabolically unhealthy non-obese; MUO, metabolically unhealthy obese. Data are expressed as the means (SD), %, or geometric means (95% confidence interval).