Table 3.
Means (± standard deviation) for groups representing the three styles of success in the medical career (year 2009), in terms of coping strategies at admission and during medical school (years 1999–2005)
| Dependent variables (2 0 0 9) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent variable (1 9 9 9 – 2 0 0 5) |
Committed ↓ competence ↑ job satisf. ↑ work stress |
2. Clever ↓ competence ↓ job satisf. ↓ work stress ↑ QoL |
3. Bright ↑ competence ↓ job satisf. ↓ QoL |
Committed vs Clever | Committed vs Bright | Clever vs Bright | |||
| M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | F (2;47) | P | Eta2 | Tukey’s | post- | hoc test | |
| Approach Coping | |||||||||
| Logical Analysis (cognitive) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 53.43±2.65 | 53.60±5.53 | 52.88±5.83 | 0.097 | 0.907 | ||||
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 54.14±3.57 | 52.20±7.41 | 52.38±5.86 | 0.481 | 0.621 | ||||
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 54.71±5.20 | 52.80±5.67 | 54.25±4.37 | 0.657 | 0.523 | ||||
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 54.71±5.20 | 52.30±6.62 | 54.25±4.37 | 0.926 | 0.403 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 52.86±2.85 | 52.60±6.67 | 53.63±4.29 | 0.187 | 0.830 | ||||
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 54.71±6.02 | 52.30±6.76 | 54.38±3.69 | 0.925 | 0.404 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 55.71±6.22 | 52.30±6.76 | 54.38±3.69 | 1.505 | 0.232 | ||||
| Positive Reappraisal (cognitive) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 51.14±6.46 | 51.20±5.58 | 48.00±8.50 | 1.164 | 0.321 | ||||
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 49.29±6.97 | 52.20±6.88 | 47.75±8.47 | 1.668 | 0.200 | ||||
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 52.00±6.97 | 51.30±7.06 | 50.88±6.96 | 0.098 | 0.907 | ||||
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 52.00±6.97 | 51.30±6.79 | 50.88± 6.96 | 0.101 | 0.904 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 50.57±6.25 | 52.20±6.91 | 51.25±6.88 | 0.251 | 0.779 | ||||
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 53.00±5.71 | 50.40±6.60 | 51.25±6.88 | 0.673 | 0.515 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 52.43±5.63 | 50.40±6.60 | 51.25±6.88 | 0.408 | 0.667 | ||||
| Guidance and Support Seeking (behavioral) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 54.71±10.01 | 54.30±8.75 | 54.63±8.50 | 0.010 | 0.990 | ||||
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 54.71±10.75 | 55.60±6.90 | 56.50±7.83 | 0.169 | 0.845 | ||||
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 53.14±9.74 | 55.60±8.84 | 56.25±6.87 | 0.547 | 0.582 | ||||
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 53.14±9.74 | 57.90±6.45 | 56.25±6.87 | 1.613 | 0.210 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 52.86±9.82 | 58.40±5.70 | 55.00±5.24 | 2.745 | 0.075 | 0,12 | 0,07 | 0,68 | 0,32 |
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 56.00±10.26 | 56.50±6.51 | 55.38±5.26 | 0.102 | 0.903 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 57.14±11.00 | 56.50±6.51 | 56.00±5.96 | 0.079 | 0.924 | ||||
| Problem Solving (behavioral) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 47.29±6.92 | 54.30±8.74 | 53.25±4.43 | 4.382 | 0.018* | 0,19 | 0,02* | 0,07 | 0,90 |
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 49.00±8.06 | 56.60±7.88 | 55.13±5.25 | 4.871 | 0.012* | 0,21 | 0,01* | 0,06 | 0,82 |
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 51.86±7.22 | 54.60±7.14 | 52.50±5.24 | 0.824 | 0.445 | ||||
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 51.86±7.22 | 53.80±7.92 | 52.50±5.24 | 0.348 | 0.708 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 50.71±6.85 | 54.80±6.96 | 52.13±5.15 | 1.806 | 0.175 | ||||
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 54.00±6.61 | 53.80±7.24 | 53.00±5.22 | 0.105 | 0.901 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 54.43±6.56 | 53.80±7.24 | 53.38±5.61 | 0.097 | 0.908 | ||||
| Avoidant Coping | |||||||||
| Cognitive Avoidance (cognitive) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 51.71±10.69 | 50.20±6.32 | 48.38±6.34 | 0.694 | 0.505 | ||||
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 51.29±10.88 | 50.50±5.11 | 50.75±8.88 | 0.038 | 0.963 | ||||
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 47.29±9.81 | 50.80±5.23 | 50.63±8.23 | 1.006 | 0.373 | ||||
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 47.29±9.81 | 52.20±5.63 | 50.63±8.23 | 1.647 | 0.204 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 48.57±8.48 | 50.90±5.96 | 52.38±6.87 | 1.107 | 0.339 | ||||
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 46.86±7.49 | 49.80±6.44 | 51.50±7.38 | 1.648 | 0.203 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 45.86±8.03 | 49.80±6.44 | 50.88±8.04 | 1.877 | 0.164 | ||||
| Acceptance or Resignation (cognitive) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 48.86±4.59 | 44.00±5.29 | 51.38±7.90 | 6.863 | 0.002** | 0.29 | 0.07 | 0.50 | 0.00* |
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 49.57±5.37 | 44.80±5.44 | 50.63±8.67 | 3.976 | 0.025* | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.90 | 0.03 |
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 43.57±5.43 | 44.00±4.18 | 47.63±5.56 | 3.164 | 0.051 | 0.13 | 0.97 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 43.57±5.43 | 44.50±4.80 | 47.63±5.56 | 2.579 | 0.087 | 0.11 | 0.87 | 0.10 | 0.19 |
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 45.29±7.25 | 44.50±5.11 | 48.63±4.62 | 2.544 | 0.089 | 0.11 | 0.92 | 0.25 | 0.09 |
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 45.14±3.11 | 44.50±6.84 | 48.00±5.14 | 1.954 | 0.153 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 43.86±5.27 | 44.50±6.84 | 48.63±4.62 | 3.188 | 0.050 | 0.14 | 0.95 | 0.07 | 0.10 |
| Seeking Alternative Rewards (behavioral) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 54.57±5.29 | 56.50±6.76 | 54.38±7.15 | 0.586 | 0.560 | ||||
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 55.86±5.07 | 58.40±6.73 | 56.00±6.85 | 0.906 | 0.411 | ||||
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 53.29±5.37 | 55.90±5.55 | 52.50±6.87 | 1.620 | 0.209 | ||||
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 53.29±5.37 | 56.30±4.57 | 52.50±6.87 | 2.321 | 0.109 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 52.86±5.36 | 56.30±3.37 | 54.25±7.24 | 1.740 | 0.187 | ||||
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 54.86±5.13 | 56.10±6.23 | 52.38±7.10 | 1.601 | 0.212 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 55.14±5.96 | 56.10±6.23 | 53.00±7.36 | 1.019 | 0.369 | ||||
| Emotional Discharge (behavioral) | |||||||||
| 1999 - Admission | 61.43±11.66 | 57.00±6.16 | 65.25±6.88 | 4.488 | 0.016* | 0.19 | 0.28 | 0.42 | 0.01* |
| 2000 - First year of medical study | 61.86±11.29 | 58.20±4.40 | 62.25±6.34 | 1.615 | 0.210 | ||||
| 2001 - Second year of medical study | 62.57±9.91 | 56.70±5.75 | 61.50±5.59 | 3.425 | 0.041* | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.91 | 0.12 |
| 2002 - Third year of medical study | 62.57±9.91 | 57.90±6.75 | 61.50±5.59 | 1.894 | 0.162 | ||||
| 2003 - Fourth year of medical study | 62.29±11.47 | 57.30±6.52 | 60.75±5.31 | 1.805 | 0.176 | ||||
| 2004 - Fifth year of medical study | 62.29±12.10 | 59.40±4.52 | 61.88±5.35 | 0.748 | 0.479 | ||||
| 2005 - Sixth year of medical study | 60.14±14.64 | 59.40±4.52 | 61.50±5.59 | 0.255 | 0.776 | ||||
*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001