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. 2016 Jul 22;14:107. doi: 10.1186/s12916-016-0652-0

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Malondialdehyde (MDA) epitopes in livers of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and relationship between plasma immunoglobulin M (IgM) titers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Immunohistochemical detection of MDA epitopes in liver sections (magnification 20×) of a a negative control and b two patients with NASH – arrows indicate localization of MDA2-positive staining in the liver tissue. Plasma IgM antibody titers against c MDA-low-density lipoprotein (LDL), d malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA)-LDL, e P1 mimotope, f CuOx-LDL, g PC-BSA, and h total IgM levels in patients with NAFLD and healthy controls. i Ratio of anti-P1 IgM titers to total IgM levels in patients with NAFLD and controls. Data are expressed in log10 relative light units (RLU)/100 ms. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001