Table 3.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluating the correlation between a long diagnostic delay and disease-associated factors in UC and CD.
| OR | Stenosis [20.1%] | Intestinal fistula [7.7%] | p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | |||
| Male | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Female | 0.86 | 0.53–1.4 | 0.55 | 0.74 | 0.36–1.53 | 0.42 |
| Ethnic group | ||||||
| Romanian | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Other | 1.4 | 0.73–2.59 | 0.29 | 0.63 | 0.18–1.78 | 0.43 |
| Age at diagnosis | ||||||
| Under 40 years old | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Over 40 years old | 0.75 | 0.44–1.26 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.09–0.71 | 0.01 |
| Disease location | ||||||
| Ileal involvement | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Colonic involvement | 0.68 | 0.38–1.24 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.61–4.14 | 0.41 |
| Provenance | ||||||
| Urban | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Rural | 1.09 | 0.61–1.92 | 0.76 | 0.8 | 0.28–1.95 | 0.64 |
| Smoking status at diagnosis | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Smoker | 0.59 | 0.34–1.01 | 0.06 | 0.57 | 0.25–1.23 | 0.17 |
| Unknown | 0.37 | 0.12–0.94 | 0.06 | - | - | - |
| Family history of IBD | ||||||
| Negative | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Positive | 1.36 | 0.36–4.21 | 0.62 | 1.92 | 0.28–8.1 | 0.42 |
| Appendectomy | ||||||
| No | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Yes | 2.12 | 1.21–3.66 | 0.01 | 4.1 | 1.91–8.78 | 0.000 |
| Disease duration since diagnosis | 1.04 | 1–1.08 | 0.04 | 1.01 | 0.95–1.07 | 0.77 |
| Delay | ||||||
| < 25% | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| 25%–50% | 2.22 | 1.08–4.74 | 0.03 | 1.37 | 0.46–4.38 | 0.58 |
| 50%–75% | 1.91 | 0.89–4.23 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.51–5.32 | 0.42 |
| > 75% | 3.38 | 1.66–7.2 | < 0.01 | 2.64 | 0.94–8.24 | 0.08 |
| OR | Perianal fistula [9.2%] | p-Value | OR | Any surgery [26.1%] | p-Value | |
| 95% CI | 95% CI | |||||
| Male | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Female | 0.54 | 0.27–1.04 | 0.07 | 0.63 | 0.41–0.97 | 0.04 |
| Ethnic group | ||||||
| Romanian | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Other | 2.13 | 0.98–4.45 | 0.05 | 1.57 | 0.89–2.72 | 0.12 |
| Age at diagnosis | ||||||
| Under 40 years old | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Over 40 years old | 0.78 | 0.36–1.58 | 0.5 | 0.86 | 0.54–1.37 | 0.53 |
| Disease location | ||||||
| Ileal involvement | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Colonic involvement | 1.11 | 0.48–2.91 | 0.82 | 1.42 | 0.8–2.61 | 0.24 |
| Provenance | ||||||
| Urban | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Rural | 1.39 | 0.64–2.86 | 0.38 | 1.52 | 0.92–2.48 | 0.1 |
| Smoking status at diagnosis | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Smoker | 1.06 | 0.5–2.19 | 0.87 | 1.26 | 0.78–2 | 0.34 |
| Unknown | 1.93 | 0.69–4.89 | 0.18 | 1.17 | 0.55–2.38 | 0.68 |
| Family history of IBD | ||||||
| Negative | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Positive | 0.67 | 0.03–3.87 | 0.72 | 0.99 | 0.26–3.01 | 0.98 |
| Appendectomy | ||||||
| No | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Yes | 0.31 | 0.07–0.91 | 0.06 | 2.23 | 1.34–3.72 | < 0.001 |
| OR | Perianal fistula [9.2%] | p-Value | OR | Any surgery [26.1%] | p-Value | |
| 95% CI | 95% CI | |||||
| Disease duration since diagnosis | 0.99 | 0.92–1.05 | 0.65 | 1.04 | 1.01–1.08 | 0.02 |
| Delay | ||||||
| < 25% | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| 25%–50% | 4.32 | 1.61–13.79 | 0.01 | 1.16 | 0.62–2.16 | 0.65 |
| 50%–75% | 2.92 | 0.96–10.02 | 0.07 | 1.86 | 0.99–3.51 | 0.05 |
| > 75% | 2.9 | 0.98–9.82 | 0.07 | 1.96 | 1.07–3.65 | 0.03 |
| OR |
Perianal surgery
[9.8%] |
p-Value | OR | Intestinal surgery [ 16.3%] | p-Value | |
| 95% CI | 95% CI | |||||
| Male | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Female | 0.78 | 0.41–1.45 | 0.43 | 0.71 | 0.42–1.2 | 0.21 |
| Ethnic group | ||||||
| Romanian | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Other | 0.92 | 0.36–2.09 | 0.86 | 1.82 | 0.94–3.41 | 0.07 |
| Age at diagnosis | ||||||
| Under 40 years old | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Over 40 years old | 0.72 | 0.35–1.41 | 0.35 | 1.27 | 0.73–2.19 | 0.39 |
| Disease location | ||||||
| Ileal involvement | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Colonic involvement | 1.44 | 0.63–3.72 | 0.42 | 1.14 | 0.58–2.4 | 0.71 |
| Provenance | ||||||
| Urban | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Rural | 1.63 | 0.8–3.21 | 0.16 | 1.2 | 0.64–2.18 | 0.55 |
| Smoking status at diagnosis | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Smoker | 1.45 | 0.73–2.83 | 0.28 | 0.87 | 0.47–1.55 | 0.64 |
| Unknown | 1.49 | 0.47–3.97 | 0.46 | 1.28 | 0.53–2.85 | 0.57 |
| Family history of IBD | ||||||
| Negative | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Positive | 1.41 | 0.21–5.53 | 0.66 | 0.8 | 0.12–3.06 | 0.77 |
| Appendectomy | ||||||
| No | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| Yes | 1.02 | 0.44–2.17 | 0.97 | 2.6 | 1.43–4.68 | < 0.001 |
| Disease duration since diagnosis | 0.97 | 0.9–1.03 | 0.32 | 1.07 | 1.03–1.12 | < 0.001 |
| Delay | ||||||
| < 25% | 1 [Ref] | - | - | 1 [Ref] | - | - |
| 25%–50% | 1.77 | 0.73–4.6 | 0.22 | 1.22 | 0.56–2.69 | 0.62 |
| 50%–75% | 1.33 | 0.48–3.78 | 0.58 | 2.24 | 1.06–4.9 | 0.04 |
| > 75% | 2.2 | 0.89–5.82 | 0.1 | 1.59 | 0.74–3.48 | 0.24 |
CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.