Table 4.
Adjusted prevalence odds ratios for the associations between selected risk factors and hand OA and hip or knee OA in women and men
| Risk factors | Hand OA (95 % CI)a | Hip or knee OA (95 % CI)a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | Men | Women | Men | |
| Wealth | 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.9 (0.9, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.1) |
| BMI | 1.1 (0.9, 1.1) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2)* | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2)* |
| Smoking | 0.70 (0.0, 11.4) | 1.4 (0.2, 5.7) | 2.4 (0.2, 16.6) | 0.9 (0.4, 1.9) |
| Jolting hands | 1.8 (0.7, 5.7) | 4.9 (0.6, 609) | 1.4 (0.7, 2.8) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.9) |
| Lifting ≥20 kg | 1.2 (0.3, 5.7) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.8)* | 1.1 (0.4, 2.7) | 0.8 (0.2, 4.8) |
| Pushing ≥20 kg | 0.9 (0.2, 3.5) | 7.5 (0.4, 129) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.4) | 1.5 (0.3, 8.5) |
| Climbing | 1.7 (0.6, 4.7) | 1.2 (0.3, 5.4) | 1.5 (0.8, 2.9) | 1.0 (0.5, 2.0) |
| Standing >30 min | 0.4 (0.1, 1.2) | 1.5 (0.1, 20.2) | 1.3 (0.5, 3.6) | 0.3 (0.1,0.7)* |
| Kneeling >30 min | 1.0 (0.4, 2.7) | 0.6 (0.1, 3.5) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.9) | 1.4 (0.6, 3.2) |
| Sit-to-stand | 0.5 (0.2, 1.4) | 3.2 (0.3, 447) | 0.9 (0.4, 2.0) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.6) |
Adjusted by age
OA osteoarthritis, BMI Body mass index, CI confidence interval
aFirth logistic regression and profile penalized likelihood confidence intervals
*Significant at α = 0.05