Table 2.
Overall frequency of aetiological agents detected among 181 children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia
| Aetiological agents | Frequency |
|---|---|
| S. pneumoniae | 39 (21.5) |
| positive blood culture | 8 (4.4) |
| positive blood PCR | 7 (3.9) |
| invasive infectiona | 13 (7.2) |
| increased paired IgG titres only | 26 (14.4) |
| H. influenzae | 13 (7.2) |
| M. pneumoniae | 11 (6.1) |
| C. trachomatis | 9 (5.0) |
| M. catarrhalis | 4 (2.2) |
| S. negevensis b | 3 (1.7) |
| Rhinovirus | 39 (21.5) |
| RSV | 36 (19.9) |
| antigen in NPA and increased paired IgG titres | 17 (9.4) |
| antigen in NPA | 11 (6.1) |
| increased paired IgG titres | 8 (4.4) |
| Parainfluenza 1, 2, 3 | 35 (19.3) |
| antigen in NPA and increased paired IgG titres | 11 (6.0) |
| antigen in NPA | 2 (1.1) |
| increased paired IgG titres | 22 (12.2) |
| Influenza A, B | 15 (8.3) |
| antigen in NPA and increased paired IgG titres | 3 (1.65) |
| antigen in NPA | 3 (1.65) |
| increased paired IgG titres | 9 (5.0) |
| Human bocavirus | 17 (9.4) |
| low IgG avidity (<15) | 17 (9.4) |
| positive IgM | 16 (8.8) |
| qPCR in NPA >10E + 4/ml | 15 (8.3) |
| positive qPCR in serum | 4 (2.2) |
| IgG seroconversion | 3 (1.65) |
| increased paired IgG titres | 2 (1.1) |
| Adenovirus | 10 (5.5) |
| antigen in NPA and increased paired IgG titres | 3 (1.65) |
| antigen in NPA | 1 (0.55) |
| increased paired IgG titres | 6 (3.3) |
| Enterovirus | 10 (5.5) |
| Human metapneumovirus | 8 (4.4) |
Results in n (%)
RSV respiratory syncytial virus
NPA nasopharyngeal aspirate
qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction
aInvasive disease was defined as positive blood culture (bacteraemia) and/or positive blood PCR for pneumococcus
bAll three cases had IgM against S. negevensis detected