Table 4.
Comparison between frequencies of different aetiologies among children with non-severe or severe and/or very severe community-acquired pneumonia according to the World Health Organization 2013 criteria
| Aetiology | Severity by the World Health Organization 2013 criteria | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-severe (n = 164) | Severe (n = 17) | p | |
| Subgroups | |||
| Detected | 142 (86.6) | 14 (82.4) | 0.7 |
| Viral infection | 79 (48.2) | 5 (29.4) | 0.1 |
| Bacterial infection | 63 (38.4) | 9 (52.9) | 0.2 |
| Typical bacterial infection | 47 (28.7) | 7 (41.2) | 0.3 |
| Atypical bacterial infection | 16 (9.8) | 2 (11.8) | 0.7 |
| Pathogens | |||
| S. pneumoniae | 33 (20.1) | 6 (35.3) | 0.2 |
| Positive blood culture | 6 (3.7) | 2 (11.8) | 0.2 |
| Positive blood PCR | 6 (3.7) | 1 (5.9) | 0.5 |
| Invasive infectiona | 11 (6.7) | 2 (11.8) | 0.4 |
| H. influenzae | 12 (7.3) | 1 (5.9) | 1.0 |
| M. pneumoniae | 10 (6.1) | 1 (5.9) | 1.0 |
| C. trachomatis | 9 (5.5) | - | 1.0 |
| M. catarrhalis | 4 (2.4) | - | 1.0 |
| S. negevensis | 2 (1.2) | 1 (5.9) | 0.3 |
| Rhinovirus | 39 (23.8) | - | 0.03 |
| RSV | 33 (20.1) | 3 (17.6) | 1.0 |
| Parainfuenza 1, 2, 3 | 32 (19.5) | 3 (17.6) | 1.0 |
| Influenza A, B | 14 (8.5) | 1 (5.9) | 1.0 |
| Human bocavirus | 17 (10.4) | - | 0.4 |
| Adenovirus | 9 (5.5) | 1 (5.9) | 1.0 |
| Enterovirus | 9 (5.5) | 1 (5.9) | 1.0 |
| Human metapneumovirus | 7 (4.3) | 1 (5.9) | 0.6 |
Results in n (%)
RSV respiratory syncytial virus
aInvasive disease was defined as positive blood culture (bacteraemia) and/or positive blood PCR for pneumococcus