TABLE 1.
In vitro activities of azithromycin and terbinafine, alone or in combination with topical antimicrobial drugs, against 21 Pythium insidiosum isolates
| Antimicrobial agenta | Individual drugs |
Drug combinations |
Interpretation (%) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIC90 (in µg/ml) | MIC range (GM)b (μg/ml) | Drugs | Associated MIC ranges (GMs) (μg/ml) | Mean FICI range (GM) (μg/ml) | Synergistic | Indifferent | |
| Systemic drugs | AZT + BAC | 0.25–4 (1.07) + 2–4 (2.57) | 0.38–1 (0.75) | 4.8 | 95.2 | ||
| AZT | 8 | 2–16 (4.68) | AZT + CET | 1–8 (2.13) + 2–8 (3.53) | 0.50–1 (0.91) | 14.3 | 85.7 |
| TRB | 32 | 4–32 (14.56) | AZT + CPC | 0.25–8 (1.25) + 1–4 (1.66) | 0.50–1 (0.76) | 10 | 90 |
| Topical drugs | AZT + MUP | 1–4 (2.06) + 0.25–2 (1.10) | 0.50–1.5 (0.91) | 19 | 81 | ||
| BAC | 8 | 4–8 (5.31) | AZT + TCS | 0.06–8 (0.60) + 0.25–1 (0.53) | 0.38–1 (0.62) | 19 | 81 |
| CET | 16 | 4–16 (7.75) | TRB + BAC | 0.25–8 (2.34) + 0.5–4 (1.82) | 0.19–1 (0.52) | 38.1 | 61.9 |
| CPC | 8 | 2–8 (3.53) | TRB + CET | 0.125–8 (1.76) + 0.5–4 (1.94) | 0.19–1 (0.38) | 71.4 | 28.6 |
| MUP | 4 | 1–8 (2.49) | TRB + CPC | 1–8 (2.27) + 1–4 (1.71) | 0.5–1 (0.67) | 4.8 | 95.2 |
| Potassium permanganatec | >64 | >64 | TRB + MUP | 0.06–8 (3.01) + 0.5–4 (1.0) | 0.38–1 (0.64) | 33.3 | 66.7 |
| TCS | 2 | 0.5–2 (1.25) | TRB + TCS | 0.25–16 (4.13) + 0.25–1 (0.55) | 0.50–1 (0.77) | 19 | 81 |
a
AZT, azithromycin; BAC, benzalkonium; CET, cetrimide; CPC, cetylpyridinium; MUP, mupirocin; TCS, triclosan; TRB, terbinafine.
b
GM, geometric mean.
c
100% of indifferent interactions when combined with azithromycin or terbinafine.