TABLE 1.

Descriptive characteristics of POUNDS Lost participants with overweight and obesity from a subset with 24-h recall data (n = 231–367)¹

	Baseline	6 mo	12 mo	2 y
Age, y	52.3 ± 8.9
Sex, % female	55.6
Race/ethnicity, % white	84.2
Education, % ≥college degree	71.7
Annual household income, % ≥$100,000	34.3
Smoker, % ever smoker	41.7
US Healthy Food Diversity Score2	0.43 ± 0.06	0.41 ± 0.06*	—
Physical activity score3	6.99 ± 1.39	7.25 ± 1.30	7.33 ± 1.32*	7.08 ± 1.31
Weight, kg	93.8 ± 16.0	86.9 ± 16.0*	87.0 ± 16.2*	89.5 ± 16.4*
∆ Weight,4 kg		−6.91 ± 5.66	−6.87 ± 7.33	−4.30 ± 7.39*
Waist circumference, cm	105 ± 13.2	97.4 ± 13.1*	96.8 ± 13.6*	99.0 ± 13.7*
∆ Waist circumference,4 cm		−7.13 ± 6.37	−7.73 ± 7.62	−5.52 ± 8.04*
Total body fat,4 %	36.9 ± 6.85	34.0 ± 7.72*	—	34.6 ± 7.82*
∆ Body fat,4 %		−2.97 ± 2.80	—	−2.27 ± 3.40*
Trunk fat,5 %	37.9 ± 5.92	34.2 ± 7.29*	—	34.9 ± 7.18*
∆ Trunk fat,4 %		−3.78 ± 3.76	—	−2.99 ± 4.38*

¹Continuous data are presented as means ± SDs, and categorical data are presented as percentages. Changes in adiposity parameters over 2 y are compared with the initial 6-mo change. *Different from baseline values, P < 0.05. POUNDS Lost, Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies.

²From the 367 participants with dietary data at baseline, 356 had data at 6 mo. Only 186 had data at 2 y, and thus variety scores at 2 y were not computed.

³Habitual physical activity was assessed by use of the validated 16-item Baecke physical activity questionnaire (21), and total physical activity was calculated by summing the leisure, sports, and work activity indexes.

⁴Changes in adiposity parameters are computed as the differences from baseline.

⁵Percentages of body fat and trunk fat were measured by use of DXA.