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. 2016 Jun 29;146(8):1552–1559. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.224683

TABLE 2.

Descriptive characteristics of POUNDS Lost participants with overweight and obesity from a subset with 24-h recall data by 6-mo changes in healthful dietary variety tertile (n = 356)1

T1 (n = 118) T2 (n = 119) T3 (n = 119) P value P-trend
Age, y 52.3 ± 0.82 52.6 ± 0.81 52.0 ± 0.81 0.87 0.78
Sex, % female 60.2 48.7 55.5 0.21 —
Race/ethnicity, % white 87.3 87.4 79.0 0.12 —
Education, % ≥college degree 71.2 76.5 65.6 0.18 —
Annual household income, % ≥$100,000 37.3 32.7 32.8 0.70 —
US Healthy Food Diversity Score, ∆/6 mo −0.09 ± 0.003c −0.01 ± 0.003b 0.06 ± 0.003a <0.0001 <0.0001
Baseline physical activity score2 7.01 ± 0.13 7.10 ± 0.13 6.87 ± 0.13 0.45 0.46
Smoker, % ever smoker 47.5 42.9 35.3 0.16 —
Weight, kg 93.9 ± 1.48 94.5 ± 1.47 94.1 ± 1.47 0.96 0.88
∆ Weight, kg/6 mo −6.67 ± 0.52a,b −6.30 ± 0.52a −8.15 ± 0.52b 0.03 0.05
Waist circumference, cm 105 ± 1.22 104 ± 1.21 105 ± 1.21 0.86 0.97
∆ Waist circumference, cm/6 mo −7.10 ± 0.58a,b −6.11 ± 0.57a −8.64 ± 0.57b 0.008 0.08
Total body fat,3 % 37.4 ± 0.63 36.3 ± 0.63 37.1 ± 0.63 0.43 0.69
∆ Body fat, %/6 mo −2.88 ± 0.28 −2.78 ± 0.28 −3.39 ± 0.27 0.24 0.20
Trunk fat,3 % 38.4 ± 0.55 37.3 ± 0.55 37.9 ± 0.55 0.35 0.52
∆ Trunk fat, %/6 mo −3.57 ± 0.37 −3.50 ± 0.37 −4.39 ± 0.37 0.16 0.12
1

Data are presented as means ± SEs or percentages. From the 367 participants with dietary data at baseline, 356 had data at 6 mo. Only 186 had data at 2 y, and thus variety scores at 2 y were not computed. Changes in dietary variety were categorized into the following tertiles: T1 (−0.21 to −0.05), T2 (−0.04 to 0.01), and T3 (0.01–0.17). Tukey adjustment was used for all post-hoc comparisons between individuals in T1, T2, and T3. Labeled means in a row without a common superscript letter differ. POUNDS Lost, Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies; T1, reduced dietary variety; T2, stable dietary variety; T3, increased dietary variety.

2

Habitual physical activity was assessed by use of the validated 16-item Baecke physical activity questionnaire (21), and total physical activity was calculated by summing the leisure, sports, and work activity indexes.

3

Percentages of body fat and trunk fat were measured by use of DXA.