TABLE 3.

Continuous associations between 6-mo changes in the US Healthy Food Diversity index and short-term and long-term changes in weight and adiposity among POUNDS Lost participants with overweight and obesity (n = 356)¹

	6 mo		2 y
	∆	P value	∆	P value
∆ Energy intake, kcal/d
Model 12	903 ± 518	0.08	—
Model 23	1084 ± 525	0.04	—
∆ Weight, kg
Model 12	−7.85 ± 4.18	0.06	−16.7 ± 5.57	0.003
Model 23	−8.50 ± 4.28	0.048	−17.5 ± 5.77	0.003
Model 34	−9.79 ± 4.18	0.02	−18.4 ± 5.68	0.001
∆ Waist circumference, cm
Model 12	−7.57 ± 4.69	0.11	−16.5 ± 6.12	0.007
Model 23	−8.67 ± 4.76	0.07	−18.6 ± 6.23	0.003
Model 34	−10.3 ± 4.59	0.03	−20.1 ± 6.03	0.001
∆ DXA total body fat, %
Model 12	−3.24 ± 2.23	0.15	−6.37 ± 2.97	00.03
Model 23	−4.59 ± 2.19	0.04	−7.76 ± 3.03	0.01
Model 34	−4.61 ± 2.20	0.04	−7.77 ± 3.03	0.01
∆ DXA trunk fat, %
Model 12	−4.92 ± 2.99	0.10	−8.11 ± 3.83	0.03
Model 23	−6.66 ± 2.95	0.02	−9.79 ± 3.92	0.01
Model 34	−6.65 ± 2.95	0.03	−9.78 ± 3.92	0.01

¹Data are presented as adjusted β values ± SEs for continuous models. POUNDS Lost, Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies.

²Adjusted for age, sex, and diet arm for 6-mo changes; adjusted for age, sex, time, interaction between the variety index and time, and diet arm for 2-y changes.

³Adjusted for model 1 covariates + smoking (current and ever smoker compared with nonsmoker), race/ethnicity (white compared with nonwhite), educational attainment (college graduate compared with some college or high school graduate), household income [low (<$50,000), medium ($50,000–100,000), and high income (>$100,000)], change in physical activity score (0–6 mo), and adherence to energy goals at 6 mo.

⁴Adjusted for model 2 covariates + corresponding baseline adiposity indicator (i.e., body weight, waist circumference, total percentage of body fat, or total percentage of trunk fat).