Table 4.
Comparison of emergency managements between the elderly and nonelderly in the transport calls.
| Variables | Elderly | Nonelderly | Total | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 276 | n = 499 | n = 775 | ||
| Respiratory managements | ||||
| Nasal cannula | 38 (13.8) | 20 (4.0) | 58 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| Nonrebreathing mask | 20 (7.2) | 8 (1.6) | 28 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| Simple mask | 15 (5.4) | 17 (3.4) | 32 (4.1) | 0.158 |
| Bag-valve-mask | 8 (2.9) | 8 (1.6) | 16 (2.1) | 0.192 |
| Laryngeal mask airway | 7 (2.5) | 4 (0.8) | 11 (1.4) | 0.059 |
| Venturi mask | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.4) | 4 (0.5) | 0.337 |
| Oral airway | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Nasal airway | 0 (0) | 5 (1.0) | 5 (0.6) | 0.101 |
| Suction | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 0.307 |
| Heimlich maneuver | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Trauma managements | ||||
| Irrigation | 48 (17.4) | 188 (37.7) | 236 (30.5) | <0.001 |
| Compression of bleeding | 37 (13.4) | 162 (32.5) | 199 (25.7) | <0.001 |
| Long-board | 17 (6.2) | 40 (8.0) | 57 (7.4) | 0.261 |
| Neck collar | 13 (4.7) | 36 (7.2) | 49 (6.3) | 0.161 |
| Splint | 8 (2.9) | 16 (3.2) | 24 (3.1) | 0.394 |
| KED | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.2) | 4 (0.5) | 0.103 |
| Other managements | ||||
| Elevation of head or leg | 142 (51.4) | 107 (21.4) | 249 (32.1) | <0.001 |
| Warming | 95 (34.4) | 68 (13.6) | 163 (21.0) | <0.001 |
| Monitoring vital signs | 31 (11.2) | 113 (22.6) | 144 (18.6) | <0.001 |
| Psychological support | 19 (6.9) | 62 (12.4) | 81 (10.5) | 0.023 |
| Assist delivery | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | ||||
| EMT | 8 (2.9) | 4 (0.8) | 12 (1.5) | 0.031 |
| AED use | 7 (2.5) | 6 (1.2) | 13 (1.7) | 0.154 |
| Bystander | 1 (0.4) | 3 (0.6) | 4 (0.5) | 0.367 |
| Shock | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) | 0.369 |
| Drug managements | ||||
| Intravenous fluid | 18 (6.5) | 6 (1.2) | 24 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Oral glucose solution | 11 (4.0) | 3 (0.6) | 14 (1.8) | 0.001 |
| Nitroglycerine pill | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Bronchodilator | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Medical director online | ||||
| 50% glucose water | 14 (5.1) | 1 (0.2) | 15 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Albuterol (Ventolin) | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | 3 (0.4) | 0.403 |
| Epinephrine | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Atropine | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Nitroglycerine | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
Data are number (%) or mean ± standard deviation (SD). NA: not applicable; KED: Kendrick Extrication Device; EMT: emergency medical technician; AED: automatic electrical device.