Table 3.
Association of itraconazole treatment compared to other azoles and risk of bladder cancer (cases=772, controls=2,722)
| Cases N (%) | Controls N (%) | Adjusted OR a (95% CI) | Fully-Adjusted OR b (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever exposed to other azoles c | 686 | 2368 | Reference | Reference |
|
| ||||
| Ever exposed to itraconazole c | 86 (11.1) | 354 (13.0) | 0.84 (0.65–1.08) | 0.84 (0.65–1.09) |
| Number of itraconazole prescriptions | ||||
| 1 course | 56 (7.2) | 210(7.7) | 0.97 (0.71–1.34) | 0.96 (0.70–1.33) |
| 2–3 courses | 21 (2.7) | 102 (3.7) | 0.75 (0.46–1.22) | 0.75 (0.46–1.22) |
| > 4 courses | 9 (1.2) | 42 (1.6) | 0.78 (0.38–1.62) | 0.84 (0.40–1.75) |
a
Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, calendar period, and duration of follow-up.
b
Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, calendar period, duration of follow-up, and smoking (ever vs never), obesity (body mass index ≥30), diabetes mellitus, use of diabetes medications (metformin, insulin, or thiazolidinediones), chronic use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (>1 year), and recurrent bladder infections.
c
Receipt of at least one prescription for itraconazole or other azoles at least one year before the index date