Table 3. Demographic data and clinical characteristics of TBMV patients between survivor and non-survivor groups (n=134).
| Variables | All patients (n=134) | Survivor group (n=61) | Non-survivor group (n=73) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 62.18 (19.14) | 61.05 (20.52) | 63.12 (18.51) | 0.54 |
| APACHE II, mean (SD) | 19.6 (4.0) | 19.4 (5.0) | 20.1 (4.0) | 0.67 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 95 (70.9) | 38 (62.29) | 57 (78.08) | 0.045* |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | 86 (64.2) | 38 (62.29) | 48 (65.75) | 0.68 |
| CKD, n (%) | 6 (6.9) | 1 (2.63) | 5 (10.41) | 0.22 |
| AIDS, n (%) | 13 (15.11) | 6 (15.78) | 7 (14.58) | 0.88 |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 25 (29.06) | 13 (34.21) | 12 (25.0) | 0.35 |
| Chronic lung disease, n (%) | 22 (25.58) | 7 (18.42) | 15 (31.25) | 0.27 |
| Type 2 DM, n (%) | 17 (19.77) | 6 (15.78) | 11 (22.91) | 0.41 |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 3 (3.49) | 3 (7.89) | 0 (0.0) | 0.048* |
| Used of immunosuppressive agents, n (%) | 12 (13.95) | 7 (18.42) | 5 (10.41) | 0.29 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| Duration of illness, mean (SEM), days | 18.4 (2.40) | 18.84 (3.98) | 18.03 (2.90) | 0.87 |
| Fever, n (%) | 90 (67.16) | 43 (70.49) | 47 (64.38) | 0.45 |
| Productive cough, n (%) | 76 (56.71) | 32 (52.45) | 44 (60.2) | 0.36 |
| Weight loss, n (%) | 30 (22.38) | 14 (22.95) | 16 (21.91) | 0.89 |
| Dyspnea, n (%) | 81 (60.45) | 37 (60.65) | 54 (73.97) | 0.10* |
| Hemoptysis, n (%) | 18 (13.43) | 11 (18.03) | 7 (9.58) | 0.15 |
| Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, n (%) | 19 (14.18) | 11 (18.03) | 8 (10.95) | 0.24 |
| Chest X-ray finding | ||||
| Nodular pattern, n (%) | 43 (32.09) | 24 (39.34) | 19 (26.02) | 0.10* |
| Interstitial infiltration, n (%) | 20 (14.93) | 9 (14.75) | 11 (15.06) | 0.96 |
| Cavity, n (%) | 13 (9.70) | 5 (8.19) | 8 (10.95) | 0.59 |
| Consolidation, n (%) | 87 (64.92) | 33 (54.09) | 54 (73.97) | 0.02* |
| Extension of infiltration greater than 2 lobes, n (%) | 67 (50.0) | 32 (52.5) | 35 (47.9) | 0.60 |
| Sputum acid fast stain, n (%) | 0.82 | |||
| 1+ | 27 (20.15) | 14 (22.95) | 13 (17.80) | |
| 2+ | 46 (34.33) | 23 (37.70) | 33 (45.21) | |
| 3+ | 21 (15.67) | 10 (16.39) | 11 (15.07) | |
| 4+ | 30 (22.39) | 14 (22.95) | 16 (21.92) | |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio mean (SD) | 225 (77.0) | 238 (75.0) | 212 (81.0) | 0.76 |
| Laboratory finding | ||||
| Hemoglobin, mean (SEM), gm/dL | 11.19 (0.21) | 10.90 (0.31) | 11.43 (0.29) | 0.21 |
| White blood cell count, mean (SEM), cell/mm3 | 12,568 (970.92) | 14,597 (1959.96) | 10,873 (658.64) | 0.06 |
| BUN, mean (SEM), mg/dL | 27.72 (2.12) | 25.10 (3.54) | 29.90 (2.51) | 0.26 |
| Creatinine, mean (SEM), mg/dL | 1.41 (0.10) | 1.49 (0.20) | 1.36 (0.09) | 0.53 |
| Serum albumin, mean (SEM), gm/dL | 2.89 (0.06) | 3.09 (0.07) | 2.73 (0.08) | 0.001* |
| Causes of mechanical ventilation requirement, n (%) | 0.49 | |||
| Respiratory decompensation | 80 (59.7) | 38 (62.3) | 42 (57.5) | |
| Sepsis/septic shock | 19 (14.2) | 7 (11.5) | 12 (16.4) | |
| Cardiac causes | 11 (8.2) | 3 (4.9) | 8 (11.0) | |
| Neurological causes | 6 (4.5) | 4 (6.6) | 2 (2.7) | |
| Perioperative intubation | 18 (13.4) | 9 (14.8) | 9 (12.3) | |
| Treatment outcomes | ||||
| Time to start anti-tuberculosis agents, mean (SEM), days | 6.57 (1.28) | 7.02 (2.04) | 6.19 (1.62) | 0.75 |
| Mechanical ventilator day, median [min, max], days | 10 [1, 176] | 9 [1, 125] | 11 [1, 176] | 0.04 |
| Hospital length of stay, median [min, max], days | 19.5 [1, 312] | 21 [3, 312] | 16 [1, 176] | 0.45 |
| ICU length of stay, median [min, max], days | 4.5 [1, 37] | 5 [1, 19] | 4 [1, 37] | 0.29 |
*, selected variables were introduced into a forward stepwise logistic regression model. APACHE, acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; DM, diabetes mellitus; SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of the mean or median.