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. 2016 Aug 19;371(1701):20150438. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0438

Figure 9.

Figure 9.

Pathways towards synthetic cells. Two major approaches to create an artificial cell involve either a top-down or a bottom-up approach. The first starts from a living, complex cell such as Mycoplasma sp. (top) and proceeds through genome reduction. The second makes use of a molecular toolkit from which different forms of assembly produce different types of artificial protocells.