Upregulation of 3-CA degradation pathway. (A) The orthocleavage degradation pathway. (B) The upregulated expression of catabolic genes. The transcript level was normalized to the corresponding genes in the control group. dcaQ, glutamine synthesis; catA, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase; catB, muconate cycloisomerase; CMBL, carboxymethylenebutenolidase; tfdF, maleylacetate reductase; pcaI, 3-oxoadipate coenzyme A (CoA)-transferase, alpha subunit; pcaJ, 3-oxoadipate CoA-transferase, beta subunit; pcaF, 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase.