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. 2016 Mar 18;61(8):489–494. doi: 10.1177/0706743716640756

Table 1.

Bivariate association between 9 diagnostic criteria for BPD and Section III traits.

Section III traits DSM-5 Section II criteria for BPD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 BPD total
Base rates 62% 61% 66% 49% 70% 75% 67% 58% 57%
Emotional lability 0.40 0.32 0.34 0.03 0.16 0.53 0.18 0.12 0.39 0.49
Anxiousness 0.24 0.31 0.26 –0.08 0.20 0.44 0.12 0.22 0.43 0.43
Separation insecurity 0.50 0.37 0.23 0.08 0.22 0.33 0.08 0.20 0.31 0.47
Submissiveness 0.07 –0.02 0.22 –0.14 0.12 0.22 0.08 –0.19 0.13 0.09
Hostility 0.24 0.35 0.32 0.25 0.06 0.33 0.09 0.59 0.33 0.52
Perseveration 0.15 0.25 0.32 0.09 0.11 0.37 0.16 0.15 0.32 0.38
Withdrawal 0.09 0.11 0.18 –0.07 0.17 0.17 0.10 0.00 0.11 0.17
Intimacy avoidance –0.06 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.09
Anhedonia 0.23 0.16 0.30 –0.08 0.18 0.33 0.22 0.10 0.22 0.33
Depressivity 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.03 0.41 0.36 0.28 0.09 0.27 0.45
Restricted affectivity –0.03 0.03 0.12 0.28 0.00 –0.02 0.05 0.19 0.04 0.14
Suspiciousness 0.28 0.43 0.39 0.23 0.25 0.40 0.24 0.37 0.49 0.62
Manipulativeness 0.04 0.09 0.10 0.37 –0.08 0.07 –0.04 0.28 0.20 0.22
Deceitfulness 0.11 0.14 0.22 0.32 –0.06 0.17 0.06 0.26 0.19 0.29
Grandiosity 0.08 0.03 0.08 0.16 –0.18 0.06 –0.03 0.12 0.14 0.11
Attention seeking 0.20 0.25 0.13 0.28 –0.06 0.14 –0.02 0.19 0.24 0.28
Callousness 0.03 0.11 0.15 0.39 –0.05 0.05 –0.01 0.37 0.10 0.24
Irresponsibility 0.22 0.28 0.24 0.30 0.08 0.29 0.02 0.29 0.31 0.41
Impulsivity 0.33 0.35 0.27 0.56 0.07 0.26 0.14 0.30 0.24 0.51
Distractibility 0.18 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.02 0.30 0.09 0.13 0.22 0.32
Risk taking –0.03 0.13 0.06 0.52 0.00 –0.04 0.01 0.16 0.13 0.20
Rigid perfectionism 0.17 0.16 0.13 0.03 0.11 0.17 0.05 0.14 0.22 0.24
Unusual beliefs 0.02 0.11 0.17 0.19 0.03 0.17 0.10 0.11 0.31 0.25
Eccentricity 0.20 0.31 0.37 0.20 0.15 0.35 0.18 0.24 0.41 0.47
Perceptual dysregulation 0.10 0.24 0.34 0.22 0.12 0.31 0.21 0.08 0.37 0.40
Negative affectivity 0.47 0.40 0.33 0.02 0.24 0.51 0.15 0.22 0.44 0.56
Detachment 0.09 0.11 0.21 –0.03 0.15 0.22 0.16 0.09 0.16 0.23
Antagonism 0.09 0.10 0.15 0.34 –0.12 0.11 –0.01 0.26 0.21 0.24
Disinhibition 0.31 0.35 0.31 0.47 0.07 0.35 0.11 0.31 0.32 0.53
Psychoticism 0.13 0.26 0.34 0.23 0.12 0.32 0.19 0.17 0.42 0.43

1 = Fear of Abandonment, 2 = Unstable relations, 3 = Identity disturbance, 4 = Impulsivity, 5 = Self-destructiveness, 6 = Affective lability, 7 = Chronic emptiness, 8 = Uncontrolled anger, and 9 = Paranoia or dissociation. Section III traits in italic are higher-order trait domains. Correlation coefficients are significant at the 0.01 level from 0.22 and at the 0.001 level from 0.29. Point-biserial correlation coefficients are reported for the 9 criteria, whereas Pearson correlation coefficents are reported for the BPD total criterion count. Critertion trait correlations above 0.30 are italized, whereas correlations above 0.40 are boldfaced. Base rates = prevalence of meeting criterion; BPD = borderline personality disorder; BPD total = BPD total criterion count; DSM-5 = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.