TABLE 3 .

Mutations in evolved S. cerevisiae strains with l-carnitine-dependent provision of cytosolic acetyl-CoA^a

Strain and gene	Nucleotide change	Amino acid change	Description
IMS0482
RTG2	G503T	W168L	Sensor of mitochondrial dysfunction; regulates the subcellular location of Rtg1p and Rtg3p, transcriptional activators of the retrograde (RTG) and target of rapamycin (TOR) pathways; Rtg2p is inhibited by the phosphorylated form of Mks1p
MCT1	T641G	L214W	Predicted malonyl-CoA:ACP transferase; putative component of a type II mitochondrial fatty acid synthase that produces intermediates for phospholipid remodeling
YAT2	C173G	P58R	Carnitine acetyltransferase; has similarity to Yat1p, which is a carnitine acetyltransferase associated with the mitochondrial outer membrane
IMS0483
RPO21	A2507G	Y836C	RNA polymerase II largest subunit B220; part of central core; phosphorylation of C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain regulates association with transcription and splicing factors; similar to bacterial beta-prime
HXT6 or HXT7	Gene deletion	Gene deletion	High-affinity glucose transporter; member of the major facilitator superfamily, nearly identical to Hxt7p, expressed at high basal levels relative to other HXTs, repression of expression by high glucose requires SNF3
STB2	C1073A	P358Q	Protein that interacts with Sin3p in a two-hybrid assay; part of a large protein complex with Sin3p and Stb1p; STB2 has a paralog, STB6, that arose from the whole-genome duplication
MCT1	C292T	Q98*	Predicted malonyl-CoA:ACP transferase; putative component of a type II mitochondrial fatty acid synthase that produces intermediates for phospholipid remodeling

^aMutations in the open reading frames of the laboratory-evolved strains IMS0482 and IMS0483 were identified by comparing whole-genome sequence data to those of the unevolved parental strain IMX745. Descriptions of gene function were obtained from the Saccharomyces Genome Database website (76).