Table 3. Factors associated with emotion perception deficits identified in simple and multiple linear regression analyses of ALS patients.

Variable	Simple linear regression			Multiple linear regression
	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
Age at evaluation	–0.658	0.180	0.001*	0.063	0.417	0.882
Male	–1.620	4.283	0.707	5.879	5.755	0.324
Bulbar onset	9.012	7.532	0.244	0.418	5.650	0.942
Education, years	1.097	0.535	0.046*	–0.382	0.673	0.580
K-MMSE score	4.678	0.663	<0.001*	1.694	1.450	0.262
FAB score	2.295	0.403	<0.001*	3.329	1.206	0.015*
BDI score	–0.671	0.197	0.001*	–0.209	0.388	0.599
ALSFRS-R score	–0.828	1.143	0.476	–0.882	1.001	0.393
Progression rate	–4.581	12.217	0.711	2.739	11.342	0.813

Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using the enter method.

^*Significant results.

ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALSFRS-R: ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery, K-MMSE: Korean version of the Mini Mental State Examination.