(a) Participants' demographics and prevalence of burnout
| Emotional exhaustion | Depersonalization | Personal accomplishment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low/average N (%) | High N (%)∗ | Low/average N (%) | High N (%)∗ | Average/high N (%) | Low N (%)∗ | ||
| Gender | Female | 1002 (61.5) | 627 (38.5) | 998 (61.3) | 631 (38.7) | 663 (40.7) | 966 (59.3) |
| Male | 72 (57.1) | 54 (42.9) | 63 (50) | 63 (50) | 53 (42.1) | 73 (57.9) | |
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| Age (years) | ≤29 | 512 (55.4) | 413 (44.6) | 489 (52.9) | 436 (47.1) | 357 (38.6) | 568 (61.4) |
| 30–39 | 241 (61.6) | 150 (38.4) | 240 (61.4) | 151 (38.6) | 153 (39.1) | 238 (60.9) | |
| 40–49 | 179 (75.2) | 59 (24.8) | 181 (76.1) | 57 (23.9) | 106 (44.5) | 132 (55.5) | |
| 50–59 | 96 (68.6) | 44 (31.4) | 102 (72.9) | 38 (27.1) | 62 (44.3) | 78 (55.7) | |
| ≥60 | 31 (86.1) | 5 (13.9) | 33 (91.7) | 3 (8.3) | 26 (72.2) | 10 (27.8) | |
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| Race | Chinese | 456 (59.1) | 316 (40.9) | 430 (55.7) | 342 (44.3) | 320 (41.5) | 452 (58.5) |
| Malay | 194 (56.2) | 151 (43.8) | 190 (55.1) | 155 (44.9) | 113 (32.8) | 232 (67.2) | |
| Indian | 154 (68.1) | 72 (31.9) | 151 (66.8) | 75 (33.2) | 84 (37.2) | 142 (62.8) | |
| Filipino | 178 (66.9) | 88 (33.1) | 188 (70.7) | 78 (29.3) | 139 (52.3) | 127 (47.7) | |
| Others | 101 (62.3) | 61 (37.7) | 112 (69.6) | 49 (30.4) | 65 (40.1) | 97 (59.9) | |
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| Highest qualification | Vocational training | 245 (67.7) | 117 (32.3) | 245 (67.7) | 117 (32.3) | 120 (33.1) | 242 (66.9) |
| Diploma | 263 (56) | 207 (44) | 248 (52.8) | 222 (47.2) | 166 (35.3) | 304 (64.7) | |
| Advanced diploma | 101 (54.3) | 85 (45.7) | 104 (55.9) | 82 (44.1) | 71 (38.2) | 115 (61.8) | |
| Bachelor/postgraduate | 449 (63.5) | 258 (36.5) | 447 (63.2) | 260 (36.8) | 344 (48.7) | 363 (51.3) | |
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| Job grade | Enrolled nurse | 290 (69.5) | 127 (30.5) | 283 (68) | 133 (32) | 145 (34.8) | 272 (65.2) |
| Staff nurse | 689 (57.1) | 518 (42.9) | 684 (56.7) | 523 (43.3) | 496 (41.1) | 711 (58.9) | |
| Nursing officer | 96 (72.2) | 37 (27.8) | 96 (72.2) | 37 (27.8) | 75 (56.4) | 58 (43.6) | |
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| Shift patterns | Fixed hours | 171 (67.9) | 81 (32.1) | 176 (70.1) | 75 (29.9) | 117 (46.4) | 135 (53.6) |
| 2 shifts | 80 (72.1) | 31 (27.9) | 76 (68.5) | 35 (31.5) | 44 (39.6) | 67 (60.4) | |
| 3 shifts | 741 (58.2) | 532 (41.8) | 727 (57.1) | 546 (42.9) | 512 (40.2) | 761 (59.8) | |
| Permanent night | 73 (73.7) | 26 (26.3) | 71 (71.7) | 28 (28.3) | 37 (37.4) | 62 (62.6) | |
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| Years working in current hospital | <10 | 739 (57.9) | 537 (42.1) | 714 (56) | 562 (44) | 489 (38.3) | 787 (61.7) |
| 10–19 | 119 (65.7) | 62 (34.3) | 129 (71.3) | 52 (28.7) | 82 (45.3) | 99 (54.7) | |
| 20–29 | 131 (72) | 51 (28) | 133 (73.1) | 49 (26.9) | 90 (49.5) | 92 (50.5) | |
| ≥30 | 78 (75.7) | 25 (24.3) | 80 (77.7) | 23 (22.3) | 50 (48.5) | 53 (51.5) | |
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| Dependents | No | 253 (63.1) | 148 (36.9) | 257 (64.1) | 144 (35.9) | 155 (38.7) | 246 (61.3) |
| Yes | 818 (60.5) | 533 (39.5) | 804 (59.6) | 546 (40.4) | 561 (41.5) | 790 (58.5) | |