Table 3.

Association between demographic factors and personality factors with burnout using univariate logistic regression. Effects are presented as odds-ratio and associated 95% confidence intervals.

		High emotional exhaustion		High depersonalization		Low personal accomplishment
		Univariate OR, 95% CI	p value	Univariate OR, 95% CI	p value	Univariate OR, 95% CI	p value
Gender	Female	1		1		1
	Male	1.20 (0.83–1.73)	0.333	1.58 (1.10–2.27)	0.013	0.95 (0.66–1.37)	0.764
Age (years)	Overall		<0.0005		<0.0005		0.002
	≤29	1		1		1
	30–39	0.77 (0.61–0.98)	0.035	0.71 (0.55–0.90)	0.005	0.98 (0.77–1.25)	0.855
	40–49	0.41 (0.30–0.56)	<0.0005	0.35 (0.26–0.49)	<0.0005	0.78 (0.59–1.04)	0.095
	50–59	0.57 (0.39–0.83)	0.004	0.42 (0.28–0.62)	<0.0005	0.79 (0.55–1.13)	0.200
	≥60	0.20 (0.08–0.52)	0.001	0.10 (0.03–0.34)	<0.0005	0.24 (0.12–0.51)	<0.0005
Race	Overall		0.010		<0.0005		<0.0005
	Chinese	1		1		1
	Malay	1.12 (0.87–1.45)	0.375	1.03 (0.80–1.32)	0.846	1.45 (1.11–1.90)	0.006
	Indian	0.68 (0.49–0.92)	0.014	0.62 (0.46–0.85)	0.003	1.20 (0.88–1.62)	0.249
	Filipino	0.71 (0.53–0.96)	0.024	0.52 (0.39–0.70)	<0.0005	0.65 (0.49–0.86)	0.002
	Others	0.87 (0.62–1.24)	0.440	0.55 (0.38–0.79)	0.001	1.06 (0.75–1.49)	0.755
Highest qualifications	Overall		0.001		<0.0005		<0.0005
	Vocational training	1		1		1
	Diploma	1.65 (1.24–2.19)	0.001	1.87 (1.41–2.49)	<0.0005	0.91 (0.68–1.21)	0.514
	Advanced diploma	1.76 (1.23–2.53)	0.002	1.65 (1.15–2.38)	0.007	0.80 (0.56–1.16)	0.243
	Bachelor/postgraduate	1.20 (0.92–1.57)	0.176	1.22 (0.93–1.59)	0.149	0.52 (0.40–0.68)	<0.0005
Job grade	Overall		<0.0005		<0.0005		<0.0005
	Enrolled nurse	1		1		1
	Staff nurse	1.72 (1.35–2.18)	<0.0005	1.63 (1.29–2.06)	<0.0005	0.76 (0.61–0.96)	0.023
	Nursing officer	0.88 (0.57–1.36)	0.563	0.82 (0.53–1.26)	0.368	0.41 (0.28–0.61)	<0.0005
Shift patterns	Overall		<0.0005		<0.0005		0.262
	Fixed hours	1		1		1
	2 shifts	0.82 (0.50–1.34)	0.423	1.08 (0.67–1.75)	0.753	1.32 (0.84–2.08)	0.231
	3 shifts	1.52 (1.14–2.02)	0.004	1.76 (1.32–2.36)	<0.0005	1.29 (0.98–1.69)	0.068
	Permanent night	0.75 (0.45–1.27)	0.282	0.93 (0.55–1.55)	0.768	1.45 (0.90–2.34)	0.125
Years working in current hospital	Overall		<0.0005		<0.0005		0.005
	<10	1		1		1
	10–19	0.72 (0.52–0.99)	0.046	0.51 (0.36 –0.72)	<0.0005	0.75 (0.55–1.03)	0.072
	20–29	0.54 (0.38–0.75)	<0.0005	0.47 (0.33 –0.66)	<0.0005	0.64 (0.47–0.87)	0.004
	≥30	0.44 (0.28–0.70)	0.001	0.37 (0.23–0.59)	<0.0005	0.66 (0.44–0.99)	0.042
Dependents	No	1		1		1
	Yes	1.11 (0.89–1.40)	0.359	1.21 (0.96–1.53)	0.103	0.89 (0.71–1.12)	0.304
Neuroticism	VL, L, A	1		1		1
	H, VH	3.93 (3.15–4.89)	<0.0005	3.44 (2.77–4.27)	<0.0005	2.38 (1.89–2.99)	<0.0005
Extraversion	A, H, VH	1		1		1
	L, VL	2.17 (1.69–2.79)	<0.0005	1.70 (1.33–2.18)	<0.0005	3.59 (2.65–4.86)	<0.0005
Openness	A, H, VH	1		1		1
	L, VL	1.02 (0.81–1.30)	0.843	1.24 (0.98–1.57)	0.070	2.17 (1.69–2.80)	<0.0005
Agreeableness	A, H, VH	1		1		1
	L, VL	1.92 (1.54–2.41)	<0.0005	2.35 (1.87–2.95)	<0.0005	1.72 (1.36–2.18)	<0.0005
Conscientiousness	A, H, VH	1		1		1
	L, VL	1.77 (1.39–2.26)	<0.0005	2.16 (1.69–2.76)	<0.0005	2.80 (2.11–3.71)	<0.0005
Number of negative personality traits	Overall		<0.0005		<0.0005		<0.0005
	0	1		1		1
	1	1.73 (1.36–2.22)	<0.0005	2.07 (1.62–2.64)	<0.0005	1.81 (1.43–2.29)	<0.0005
	2	2.61 (1.97–3.46)	<0.0005	2.94 (2.21–3.91)	<0.0005	3.59 (2.65–4.85)	<0.0005
	3	3.60 (2.52–5.16)	<0.0005	4.39 (3.05–6.32)	<0.0005	4.85 (3.19–7.39)	<0.0005
	≥4	5.60 (3.46–9.04)	<0.0005	5.66 (3.51–9.13)	<0.0005	7.54 (4.03–14.12)	<0.0005