Table 1.
Comparison of factors in patient history between the mastalgia and asymptomatic groups
| Total | Mastalgia | Asymptomatic | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age mean ± SD, years | 45.20±10.78 | 46.19±10.51 | 42.73±11.06 | a0.001** | |
| Patients, n | 700 | 500 | 200 | ||
| Stress, n (%) | none | 152 (21.7) | 84 (16.8) | 68 (34.0) | b0.001** |
| stressful | 548 (78.3) | 416 (83.2) | 132 (66.0) | ||
| Caffeine consumption (coffee), n (%) | none | 457 (65.3) | 310 (62.0) | 147 (73.5) | b0.004** |
| 1 cup/day | 112 (16.0) | 90 (18.0) | 22 (11.0) | b0.022* | |
| ≥ 2 cups/day | 131 (18.7) | 100 (20.0) | 31 (15.5) | b0.168 | |
| Smoking (cigarettes), n (%) | none | 474 (67.7) | 322 (64.4) | 152 (76.0) | b0.003** |
| 5–10/day | 128 (18.3) | 97 (19.4) | 31 (15.5) | b0.228 | |
| > 10/day | 98 (14.0) | 81 (16.2) | 17 (8.5) | b0.008** | |
| Lactation (breast-fed infants), n (%) | 0 | 72 (10.3) | 24 (4.8) | 48 (24.0) | b0.001** |
| 1 | 91 (13.0) | 54 (10.8) | 37 (18.5) | b0.006** | |
| 2 | 223 (31.9) | 162 (32.4) | 61 (30.5) | b0.569 | |
| 3 | 187 (26.7) | 160 (32.0) | 27 (13.5) | b0.001** | |
| ≥ 4 | 127 (18.1) | 100 (20.0) | 27 (13.5) | b0.044* | |
| BSO±TAH, n (%) | no | 674 (96.3) | 492 (98.4) | 182 (91.0) | c0.001** |
| yes | 26 (3.7) | 8 (1.6) | 18 (9.0) | ||
| Menopause, n (%) | premenopausal | 534 (76.3) | 412 (82.4) | 122 (61.0) | b0.001** |
| postmenopausal | 166 (23.7) | 88 (17.6) | 78 (39.0) | ||
| Breast size, n (%) | normal | 664 (94.9) | 484 (96.8) | 180 (90.0) | c0.001** |
| macromastia | 36 (5.1) | 16 (3.2) | 20 (10.0) | ||
| Recent breast trauma, n (%) | no | 691 (98.7) | 491 (98.2) | 200 (100.0) | d0.067 |
| yes | 9 (1.3) | 9 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Breast cancer, n (%) | no | 666 (95.1) | 469 (93.8) | 197 (98.5) | c0.016* |
| yes | 34 (4.9) | 31 (61.2) | 3 (1.5) |
a
Student's t-test
b
Pearson's chi-squared test
c
Yates' continuity correction
d
Fisher's exact test
*
p < 0.05
**
p < 0.01
SD = standard deviation, BSO±TAH: history of a prior bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without total abdominal hysterectomy.