Table 7. Other markers in postmortem schizophrenia brain.
| Author | Brain bank | n | Sex (m/f) | Age | Death from suicide | Brain region | Technique | Inflammatory markers | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arion et al.157 | UPCNMDBB | scz 14 ctr 14 | scz 12/2 ctr 12/2 | scz 43 ctr 42 | scz 3 | PFC (BA9) | PCR | SERPINA3, IFITM1, IFITM3, CHI3L1, HSPB1, MT2A | ↑ |
| Catts and Weickert161 | SMRIAC, NSWTRC | scz 72 ctr 71 | scz 50/22 ctr 55/16 | scz 47 ctr 48 | scz 15 | DLPFC*, OFC# | PCR | TNFSF13 | ↑*, ↔# |
| Durrenberger et al.98 | BBPDGU | scz 10 ctr 10 | scz 5/5 ctr 5/5 | scz 66 ctr 61 | NA | TL (BA22) | PCR | TIMP1, TNFRSF1A, TYROBP | ↓ |
| Fillman et al.86 | NSWTRC | scz 37 ctr 37 | scz 24/13 ctr 26/9 | scz 51 ctr 48 | NA | DLPFC (BA46) | PCR | NFκB#, SERPINA3*, IL6ST# | ↑*↔# |
| Fillman et al.139 | SMRIAC | scz 35 ctr 35 | scz 26/9 ctr 26/9 | scz 43 ctr 44 | scz 7 | Middle frontal gyrus | PCR | SERPINA3*, IL-1 RL1# | ↑*↔# |
| Harris et al.137 | SMRIAC | scz 35 ctr 33 | scz 26/9 ctr 25/8 | scz 43 ctr 45 | NA | BA10 | ELISA | TIMP1 | ↔ |
| Hwang et al.77 | SNFC, SMRIAC | scz 33 ctr 34 | scz 23/10 ctr 23/11 | scz 44 ctr 46 | NA | HPC | PCR | CD163, S100a8, S100a9, IFITM1, IFITM2, IFITM3 | ↑ |
| Iwamoto et al.158 | SFNC | scz 13 ctr 15 | scz 8/5 ctr 9/6 | scz 44 ctr 48 | scz 4 | PFC (BA10) | PCR | IFITM3 | ↑ |
| Rao et al.73 | HBTRC | scz 10 ctr 10 | scz 6/4 ctr 7/3 | scz 59 ctr 49 | NA | FC (BA10) | PCR, WB | IL-1R#, NFκBp50*, NFκBp65*, iNOS# | ↑*↔# |
| Saetre et al.93 | SFNC, HBTRC, MBB | scz 55 ctr 55 | NA | scz 59 ctr 55 | NA | FC (BA8 and 9), superior frontal gyrus | PCR | IFITM2, IFITM3, SERPINA3, GPB1 | ↑ |
| Schmitt et al.94 | BBPDGU | scz 10 ctr 10 | scz 5/5 ctr 8/2 | scz 66 ctr 61 | NA | TC (BA22) | PCR | LPL*, CFD*, PTGER4*, EDG3* ITGA1#, LCP1#, LTC4S#, MTHFD2#, SOD2#, CCR1#, IL1RAP#, IFI16#, IFNAR2#, CD84#, GPX# | ↓* ↔# |
| Shao and Vawter160 | SMRIAC | scz 32 ctr 27 | scz 23/9 ctr 23/6 | scz 43 ctr 44 | NA | DLPFC (BA46) | PCR | TNFSF8, TNFSF10 | ↔ |
| Siegel et al.159 | ACOME | scz 57 ctr 57 | scz 42/15 ctr 42/15 | scz 47 ctr 48 | scz 16 | PFC (BA9) | PCR, in situ hybridization | IFITM1, IFITM2/3 | ↑ |
| Sun et al.156 | SFNC | NA | NA | NA | NA | FC | PCR | NFκB2 | ↔ |
| Thomas et al.154 | SFNC | scz 15 ctr 15 | scz 9/6 ctr 9/6 | scz 45 ctr 48 | scz 4 | DLFPC (BA9,46), ACC (BA24) | IHC | ICAM-1 | ↔ |
| Volk et al.155 | ACOME | scz 62 ctr 62 | scz 47/15 ctr 47/15 | scz 48 ctr 49 | scz 16 | PFC (BA9) | PCR | NFκB1#, NFκB2#, Shn-2* | ↓*↑# |
Abbreviations: ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; ACOME, Allegheny County Office of the Medical Examiner; APOL, apoliprotein L; BA, Brodmann area; BBPDGU, Brain Bank for Psychiatric Diseases at the Gottingen University; CCR, chemokine (c-c motif) receptor: CD, cluster of differentiation; CFD, complement factor D; CHI3L1, chitinase-3 like protein 1; ctr, control; DLFPC; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; EDG3, endothelial differentiation, sphingolipid g-coupled-receptor; FC, frontal cortex; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GPB, guanylate binding protein; HBTRC, Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Centre; HPC, hippocampus; HSPB, heat shock protein beta; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; IFI, interferon gamma-inducible; IFITM; interferon-induced transmembrane; IFNAR, interferon (alpha, beta and omega) receptor: IHC, immunohistochemistry; IL1RAP; interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein; IL1RL, interleukin 1 receptor like; IL6ST, glycoprotein 130; ITGA, integrin alpha; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide; LCP, lymphocyte cytosolic protein; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; LTC4S, leukotriene C4 synthase; MBB, Maudsley Brain Bank; MT2A, metallothionein 2A; MTHFD, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; NA, not available; NFκB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; NSWTRC; New South Wales Tissue Resource Centre; OFC, orbitofrontal cortex; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; scz, schizophrenia; PFC, prefrontal cortex; PTGER, prostaglandin E receptor 4; SERPIN, serine protease inhibitor; SFNC; Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium; Shn-2, Schnurri-2; SMRIAC, Stanley Medical Research Institute Array Collection; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TC, temporal cortex; TIMP; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; TL, Temporal lobe; TNFSF, tumor necrosis factor superfamily; TYROBP, TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein; UPCNMDBB, University of Pittsburgh's center for the neuroscience of mental disorder brain bank.
*, # indicate which variables results are representing.