TABLE 1.
Prevalence of Childhood Gender Conformity, Sexual Orientation, Laxative Use, and Muscle-Building Product Use by Gender and Age in the GUTS
| Age, % (n Repeated-Measures Observations) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13–15 y | 16–18 y | 19–22 y | 23–25 y | |
| Females (n = 6743 Participants; 17 364 Repeated-Measures Observations) | ||||
| Sexual orientation | ||||
| Heterosexual | 93.6 (3656) | 89.0 (6903) | 84.4 (9948) | 79.8 (3111) |
| Sexual minority | 6.4 (249) | 11.0 (851) | 15.7 (1846) | 20.2 (786) |
| Childhood gender conformity | ||||
| Least feminine quartile | 29.6 (1281) | 30.0 (2435) | 29.5 (3525) | 27.9 (1109) |
| 2nd quartile | 12.3 (533) | 13.0 (1053) | 13.4 (1597) | 14.3 (570) |
| 3rd quartile | 30.1 (1305) | 30.3 (2463) | 30.5 (3645) | 31.3 (1245) |
| Most feminine quartile | 28.0 (1213) | 26.8 (2180) | 26.7 (3186) | 26.5 (1056) |
| Wt status | ||||
| Underweight | 8.5 (363) | 7.9 (632) | 5.4 (636) | 3.7 (145) |
| Overweight | 15.4 (644) | 12.9 (1011) | 17.0 (1981) | 18.7 (733) |
| Obese | 3.0 (127) | 3.0 (236) | 8.0 (940) | 10.9 (425) |
| Laxatives | ||||
| Any past year use | 0.7 (30) | 2.9 (191) | 4.7 (327) | 10.2 (85) |
| Muscle-building products | ||||
| Any past year use | 0.9 (37) | 0.9 (67) | 0.9 (96) | 0.6 (22) |
| Males (n = 4149 Participants; 10 063 Repeated-Measures Observations) | ||||
| Sexual orientation | ||||
| Heterosexual | 95.5 (2164) | 93.5 (4105) | 90.4 (5969) | 87.6 (1846) |
| Sexual minority | 4.5 (101) | 6.5 (286) | 9.6 (634) | 12.4 (261) |
| Childhood gender conformity | ||||
| Least masculine quartile | 19.1 (512) | 20.1 (940) | 19.8 (1336) | 20.7 (451) |
| 2nd quartile | 31.6 (848) | 31.4 (1472) | 32.8 (2219) | 32.3 (702) |
| 3rd quartile | 17.6 (473) | 18.3 (858) | 18.0 (1214) | 18.7 (407) |
| Most masculine quartile | 31.7 (849) | 30.2 (1416) | 29.5 (1995) | 28.3 (615) |
| Wt status | ||||
| Underweight | 8.9 (234) | 5.5 (249) | 2.7 (178) | 1.3 (27) |
| Overweight | 18.5 (451) | 18.5 (678) | 27.4 (1507) | 36.3 (731) |
| Obese | 5.5 (135) | 4.5 (163) | 9.4 (517) | 12.5 (252) |
| Laxatives | ||||
| Any past year use | 0.2 (4) | 0.5 (15) | 0.8 (17) | 1.2 (3) |
| Muscle-building products | ||||
| Any past year use | 3.2 (76) | 9.5 (375) | 11.6 (677) | 11.7 (229) |
The denominators used to calculate percentages for age-specific prevalence vary because of the repeated-measures design and missing data on survey waves. The number of participants and repeated-measures observations refer to the data included in the analysis sample.