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. 2016 May 19;130(4):393–405. doi: 10.1037/bne0000143

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© 2016 The Author(s)

This article has been published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s). Author(s) grant(s) the American Psychological Association the exclusive right to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.

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Signal-detection models of Experiment 3. (A) The internal representation for a normal signal detection theory (N-SDT) model with a linear spatial dimension, normally distributed representations of source location and putative ideal discrimination criterion locations. (B) The internal representation of the von Mises signal detection model (VM-SDT) showing a circular spatial dimension, example distributions associated with the three signal locations and ideal criterion locations. (C) The results of fitting the N-SDT model (solid lines) to the data (points) in Experiment 3, averaged across subjects. (D) The results of fitting the VM-SDT model. (E–F) The N-SDT and VM-SDT model performance when the decision criterion are fixed as optimal and unbiased (90° lines are displaced slightly horizontally for clarity).