Table 2.
Difference in CTRA gene expression as a function of demographic and hematologic covariates, child soldier status, PTSD, and resilience
| Model | b (SE)* | P value |
| Model 1 (demographic and hematologic control variables only) | ||
| Age, y | −0.066 (0.026) | 0.0125 |
| Sex (female) | −1.315 (0.093) | <0.0001 |
| Ethnic minority (Janajati) | 0.114 (0.112) | 0.3100 |
| Low social caste (Dalit) | 0.122 (0.136) | 0.3706 |
| Education level (range 0–6) | 0.197 (0.032) | <0.0001 |
| CD3D | 2.605 (0.286) | <0.0001 |
| CD3E | −6.483 (0.560) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 | −4.219 (0.369) | <0.0001 |
| CD8A | 1.202 (0.220) | <0.0001 |
| CD19 | 1.833 (0.564) | 0.0013 |
| NCAM1 | −1.448 (1.067) | 0.1760 |
| FCGR3A | 1.155 (0.144) | <0.0001 |
| CD14 | −1.004 (0.123) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 (model 1 + child soldier status) | ||
| Child soldier† | 0.198 (0.009) | 0.0281 |
| Model 3 (model 2 + PTSD) | ||
| Child soldier† | 0.154 (0.090) | 0.0901 |
| PTSD† | 0.468 (0.146) | 0.0015 |
| Model 4 (model 3 + resilience) | ||
| Child soldier† | 0.133 (0.091) | 0.1443 |
| PTSD† | 0.455 (0.146) | 0.0020 |
| Resilience (range 2–24) | −0.028 (0.012) | 0.0194 |
*
Partial regression coefficient from mixed-effect linear model relating average expression of 52 CTRA indicator genes to listed variables. n = 254.
†
Child soldier status and PTSD status included as categorical variables: former child soldier = 1, civilian youth = 0; current PTSD (CPSS total score ≥20) = 1; not current PTSD (CPSS total score <20) = 0.