Temperature dependence of rate constants for the deamination of 1-methylcytosine at pH 2.45 (red) and cytosine at pH 7.0 in phosphate buffer (blue), in the range between 90° and 200 °C. For 1-methylcytosine, k25 = 2.8 × 10−10 s−1, ΔH‡ = 23.0 kcal/mol. For cytosine, k25 = 1.6 × 10−10 s−1, ΔH‡ = 23.4 kcal/mol.