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Key features of tumor cells in monolayer, spheroids and in-vivo tumors.
| Features | Cells in monolayer | Spheroids | In-vivo tumor |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spatial restriction of cells | ✓ |
|
|
| Concentration gradient of O2, nutrients, and metabolic wastes |
|
✓ | ✓ |
| Heterogenous clonal subpopulations | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Hypoxic core |
|
✓ | ✓ |
| Biological zones – proliferative, quiescent and necrotic zones |
|
✓ | ✓ |
| Cancer stem cell niche |
|
✓ | ✓ |
| Glucose flux rate | low | high | high |
| Gene expression profile | Different | Similar | Similar |
