Extended Data Figure 6. IFN-γ signaling is necessary for normal social behavior.

a, Repopulating SCID mice with wild-type lymphocytes rescued a social preference; repopulating with Ifng^−/−lymphocytes did not rescue a social preference; AVONA for Social behavior F (1, 14) = 11.99; P = 0.0038 (** P < 0.01; n = 8 mice per group). b, Connectivity of local PFC/Insular nodes. Correlation thresholds were applied to visualize the strength of the connection. Connections that pass a high threshold are shown in red; connections that pass a lower threshold are shown in dashed grey. Ifng^−/−mice have more connections than wild-type mice (Jennerich test; P = 0.0006). These connections were reduced by IFN-γ (Jennerich test; P = 0.02). c, Ifngr1^−/−mice have social deficits (n = 6 mice per group; ANOVA for interaction P = 0.01; ** P < 0.01 Sidak’s post-hoc) that were not rescued by injecting IFN-γ into the CSF (d; n = 5–6 mice per group; ANOVA for interaction P = 0.01; ** P < 0.01 Sidak’s post-hoc). e, Il4^−/− mice spend more time than wild-type mice investigating a novel mice; ANOVA for genotype F (1, 32) = 5.397; P = 0.0267 (* P < 0.05 Sidak’s post-hoc; n = 16–18 mice per group).