Table 1.

Hydrothermal systems used for comparative analysis in this study.

Region	Location	Study site	Depth	Geologic setting	System lithology	Biotope	References
North Pacific	Juan De Fuca-	Needles	Deep	MOR	Sediment	Sulfide Chimney/Deposits	Frank et al., 2013
	Middle Valley	Dead Dog	Deep	MOR	Sediment	Sulfide Chimney/Deposits	Frank et al., 2013
		Chowder Hill	Deep	MOR	Sediment	Sulfide Chimney/Deposits	Frank et al., 2013
	Mariana Arc	Nikko	Deep	Arc Volcano	Andesite	Hydrothermal fluids	Embley et al., 2007;
							Huber et al., 2010
		NW Eifuku	Deep	Arc Volcano	Basalt	Hydrothermal fluids	Embley et al., 2007;
							Huber et al., 2010
		Daikoku	Deep	Arc Volcano	Andesite	Hydrothermal fluids	Embley et al., 2007;
							Huber et al., 2010
		NW Rota 1	Deep	Arc Volcano	Basalt-Andesite	Hydrothermal fluids	Embley et al., 2007;
							Huber et al., 2010
		Forecast	Deep	Arc Volcano	Basalt	Hydrothermal fluids	Embley et al., 2007;
							Huber et al., 2010
	Okinawa Trough	Kueishantao	Shallow	BASC	Andesite	Hydrothermal fluids	Tang et al., 2013
Mediterranean	Hellenic Arc	Kolumbo	Shallow	Arc Volcano	Felsic	Sulfide Chimney/Deposits	Kilias et al., 2013
Arctic	Knipovich Ridge	Loki’s Castle	Deep	MOR	Basalt	Sulfide Chimney/Deposits	Jaeschke et al., 2012
	Jan Mayen	Troll Wall	Deep	MOR	Basalt	Sediments with mats	Lanzén et al., 2011
North Atlantic	Mid-Atlantic Ridge	Rainbow	Deep	MOR	Ultramafic	Sulfide Deposits	Flores et al., 2011

MOR, Mid-Ocean Ridge; BASC, Back-Arc Spreading Center.