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Schematic diagram of the steps of autophagy. Autophagy begins with the formation of the phagophore (vesicle nucleation step), which leads to the expansion of the phagophore into an autophagosome (vesicle elongation) with the helping of specific proteins. The autophagosome contains some different damaged organelles (shown by different colors), which can fuse with a lysosome (docking and fusion steps) forming an autolysosome.
