COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CS	cigarette smoke
CSE	cigarette smoke extract
Apo9F	apo-9′-fucoxanthinone
RONS	reactive oxygen/nitrogen species
HBEC	human bronchial epithelial cells
DDR	DNA damage response
PIKKs	phosphoinositide 3-kinase related protein kinases
ATM	ataxia teleangiectasia mutated
DSB	DNA double-strand break
DK	dieckol
PFFA	phlorofucofuroeckol
PGB	phloroglucinol 6,6-bieckol
2,7PGB	2,7-phyrogalyol-6,6-bieckol
OPA	octaphlorethol
DPHC	diphlorethohydroxycarmalol
SA	saringosterol acetate
LC-ESI-MS	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry
NMR	nuclear magnetic resonance
MTT	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide
DSMO	dimethyl sulfoxide
PI	propidium iodide
FITC	fluorescein isothiocyanate
FACS	fluorescence-activated cell sorting
ICF	immunocytofluorescence
DAPI	4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
MDA	malonic dialdehyde