Table 2. Metabolic characteristics of rats treated with and without hCG and/or insulin.
| Control#(n = 10) | Insulin#(n = 10) | hCG(n = 10) | Insulin + hCG (n = 10) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gonadotropins | ||||
| FSH (ng/ml) | 3.87 ± 0.03 | 3.86 ± 0.03 | 3.64 ± 0.02a,c | 3.70 ± 0.03e |
| LH (ng/ml) | 3.73 ± 0.15 | 3.74 ± 0.18 | 3.95 ± 0.14 | 4.27 ± 0.03b |
| LH/FSH | 0.97 ± 0.04 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | 1.08 ± 0.03 | 1.13 ± 0.01b,d |
| Steroid hormones | ||||
| E2 (ng/ml) | 1.55 ± 0.02 | 1.66 ± 0.05 | 1.66 ± 0.04 | 1.81 ± 0.06a |
| P4 (ng/ml) | 3.75 ± 0.04 | 3.80 ± 0.03 | 3.87 ± 0.04 | 3.86 ± 0.04 |
| Total T (ng/ml) | 2.92 ± 0.03 | 2.98 ± 0.04 | 2.98 ± 0.05 | 3.15 ± 0.04a,d,f |
| A4 (ng/ml) | 2.01 ± 0.01 | 2.01 ± 0.02 | 2.02 ± 0.02 | 2.05 ± 0.01 |
| E2/Total T | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 0.56 ± 0.01 | 0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.57 ± 0.01 |
| Total T/A4 | 1.45 ± 0.01 | 1.49 ± 0.02 | 1.48 ± 0.03 | 1.53 ± 0.02 |
| SHBG (ng/ml) | 3.14 ± 0.02 | 3.13 ± 0.01 | 3.14 ± 0.02 | 3.11 ± 0.01 |
| FAI | 93.21 ± 1.32 | 95.35 ± 1.43 | 95.15 ± 1.71 | 101.24 ± 1.31a,d,f |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| TC (mmol/l) | 1.28 ± 0.08 | 1.50 ± 0.14 | 1.78 ± 0.15b | 1.24 ± 0.12f |
| TG (mmol/l) | 0.30 ± 0.05 | 0.27 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.06 | 0.53 ± 0.07b,d |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 0.90 ± 0.05 | 0.93 ± 0.11 | 0.91 ± 0.14 | 0.62 ± 0.05 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 0.25 ± 0.03 |
| HDL-C/LDL-C | 3.27 ± 0.47 | 2.65 ± 0.34 | 2.83 ± 0.44 | 2.72 ± 0.27 |
Results are presented as means ± SEM. FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; E2, 17β-estradiol; P4, progesterone; T, testosterone; A4, androstenedione; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; FAI, free androgen index = [T (pg/ml) × 100]/SHBG (pg/ml); TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. #, the diestrus stage.
ap ＜ 0.01 versus control group.
bp ＜ 0.05 versus control group.
cp ＜ 0.01 versus insulin group.
dp ＜ 0.05 versus insulin group.
ep ＜ 0.01 versus hCG group.
fp ＜ 0.05 versus hCG group.