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. 2016 Jul 27;7:95. doi: 10.1186/s13287-016-0360-x

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 8 — Proposed model for tumor-suppressive effects of ES-CMs. Some factors secreted by ES cells could efficiently suppress Stat3 pathway activation in breast cancer cells. The Stat3 signaling pathway regulates the expression of E-cadherin, Vegf, c-Myc, and Mmp, and is then involved in cancer cell growth, survival, invasion, and migration. MMP matrix metalloproteinase, Stat3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor