Table 4.

Statistical analysis of the VAS and Karnofsky results before and after the surgical treatment

Approach	VAS before the surgery	VAS after the surgery	P value	Karnof’sky before the surgery	Karnof’sky after the surgery	P value
(A) Anterior N = 16	5.2 ± 1.7	2.1 ± 1.1	<0.05	70 ± 14	80 ± 12	<0.05
(P) Posterior N = 30	7.9 ± 1.4*	4.6 ± 1.2*	<0.05	48 ± 11*	58 ± 10*	<0.05
(H) Hybrid N = 11	8.5 ± 1.8	6.1 ± 1.5	<0.05	46 ± 18	56 ± 17	NS

Results are presented as a mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05 for inter-group difference A vs. B or A vs. C