Table 3.
Clinical and preclinical studies using recombinant attenuated measles virus as prophylaxis vaccine candidates against infectious diseases. Legend: intramuscular, i.m; intraperitoneal, i.p; subcutaneous, s.c; TCID50: medium tissue culture infective dose; pfu, plaque forming units.
| Target disease | Transgenic expressed proteins | Administration route | Measles dosage level | Clinical trial or preclinical assays | Parental strain | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV | F4: a fusion protein comprising the viral Ag p17, p24, RT, Nef | i.m. | 2.9 log CCID50 or 4 log CCID50 | Human (Phase I trial) | Schwarz vector | 25 |
| HIV | HIV proteins | ip | 104 – 105 pfu | Mice | MVb vector (derived from the MVbv vaccine strain) | 16, 62 |
| Chikungunya fever virus (CHIKV) | Virus-like particles (VLP) | i.m. | 1.5 × 104 – 3 × 105 TCID50 | Human (Phase I trial) | Schwarz vector | 26 |
| West Nile Virus (WNV) | Secreted form of WNV envelope glycoprotein | i.p. (mice); i.m. (Squirrel monkeys) | 106 TCID50 | mice, squirrel monkeys | Schwarz vector | 63, 64 |
| Nipah virus (NiV) | NiV glycoprotein | i.p. (Hamster); s.c. (Monkeys) | 2 × 104 TCID50; 105 TCID50 | Hamster, monkeys | Edm B vector | 65 |
| Dengue virus (DV) | Tetravalent DV antigens incorporating the domain III of the envelope E glycoprotein (EDIII) of DV 1–4 in combination with the ectodomain of the membrane M protein (ectoM) | i.p. | 105 TCID50 | Mice | Schwarz vector | 66 |
| SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) | Membrane-anchored SARS-CoV spike (S) protein or its secreted soluble ectodomain (Ssol) | i.p. | 105 pfu | Mice | Schwarz vector | 19 |
| Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) | Gag protein | Aerosol immunization or i.m and i.p | 5 × 104–106 pfu | Macaques | Edmonston Zagreb vector | 12 |
| Hepatitis B (HBV) | HB surface antigens | intranasal (macaques) | 5 × 104 TCID50 | macaques | Schwarz vector | 67 |
| Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) | RSV M2–1 or Nucleoprotein (NP) | i.m. | 105 TCID50 | Cotton rats | AIK-C vector | 68 |
| Human papilloma virus (HPV) | Major viral capsid protein L1 | i.p. | 105 pfu | Mice | MVb vector | 69 |